基于特征模理论的共形阵列天线散射对消设计  

Design of Scattering-cancellation Conformal Array Antenna Based on Characteristic Mode Theory

作　　者：梁梓宣 贾丹[1] 刘亚昆 张紫琛 LIANG Zixuan;JIA Dan;LIU Yakun;ZHANG Zichen(The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Corporation,Shijiazhuang 050081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第54研究所,石家庄050081

出　　处：《计算机测量与控制》2025年第2期308-316,共9页Computer Measurement &Control

摘　　要：针对共形阵列天线的散射对消设计进行研究,基于特征模理论指导对共形微带天线单元的辐射和散射进行特征模式分析,设计了一种加载寄生贴片的新型微带天线结构,实现了对共形单元辐射和散射模式的独立调控;在保证辐射模式不变基础上,通过调节寄生贴片枝节长度调控共形单元的散射模式相位,使参考单元和设计单元的散射模式电流方向相反,将其组成4×4共形阵列天线,通过两种单元的散射模式对消实现RCS缩减;仿真结果表明,在工作频段5.09~5.89 GHz内,设计共形阵列天线增益下降小于0.1 dB,在4~8 GHz频带内实现了RCS缩减,带内x极化RCS缩减均值为19.4 dB,缩减峰值达21.8 dB;与传统平面微带阵列天线散射对消设计方法相比,采用特征模理论进行共形阵列天线散射对消设计综合了共形单元散射模式相位及空间相差引入的相位,为准确指导共形阵列天线散射对消设计提供了新的设计方法。A study is conducted on the design of scattering cancellation for conformal array antennas,and based on characteristic mode theory,the radiation and scattering modes of conformal microstrip antennas are analyzed.A novel microstrip antenna structure loaded with parasitic patches is designed,which independently regulates the radiation and scattering modes of the conformal cell.while ensuring the radiation pattern remains unchanged,the scattering pattern phase of the conformal unit is regulated by adjusting the length of the parasitic patch branches,so that the scattering pattern currents of the reference unit and the design unit are in the opposite direction.The reference cell and designed cell are combined into a 4×4 conformal array antenna,which realizes RCS reduction through the scattering cancellation of two types of cells.Simulation results show that the proposed conformal array reduces the gain by less than 0.1 dB in the operating band of 5.09~5.89 GHz,and the RCS reduction is achieved in the band of 4~8 GHz.The mean value of RCS reduction of in-band x-polarization is 19.4 dB,and the peak value of RCS reduction reaches up to 21.8 dB.Compared with the traditional scattering cancellation methods in planar microstrip array antennas,the scattering cancellation method for conformal array antennas based on characteristic mode theory integrates the scattering mode phase and spatial phase differences of conformal units,which provided a new design for accurately guiding conformal array antennas.

关 键 词：雷达散射截面缩减 共形阵列天线 散射对消 微带天线 特征模理论 

分 类 号：TN820[电子电信—信息与通信工程]