不同营养水平对雌性牦牛繁殖性能、血清生化指标及生殖激素变化的影响  

Different nutrient levels of female yak breeding performance,serum biochemical indicators and hormone levels change rules

作　　者：杨启林 李善春 陈璟 童燕华 杨永清 YANG Qilin;LI Shanchun;CHEN Jing;TONG Yanhua;YANG Yongqing(Department of Animal Medicine,Qinghai Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Vocational College,Xining,Qinghai province 812100,China;Xining Yongzhong District Animal Husbandry Station,Xining,Qinghai province 812100,China)

机构地区：[1]青海农牧科技职业学院动物医学系,青海西宁812100 [2]西宁市湟中区畜牧兽医站,青海西宁812100

出　　处：《中国饲料》2025年第2期61-64,共4页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在研究高、中、低营养水平日粮对牦牛繁殖性能、血清生化指标及生殖激素变化的影响。试验以60头母牦牛作为试验对象,将其随机分为3组,每组20头,分别分为高、中、低3个饲养水平进行饲喂,试验期3个月。结果表明:(1)不同营养水平下,高、中营养组发情率及卵泡超排头数显著高于低营养组(P <0.05);高营养组血清中雌二醇(E2)、促黄体素(LH)、促卵泡激素(FSH)和促性腺激素翻译激素(GnRh)浓度水平显著高于低营养组(P <0.05),中营养组和高营养组之间无显著差异(P> 0.05)。(2)在第90天,高、中营养组血清中的谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(CHO)和葡萄糖(GLU)显著高于低营养组(P <0.05)。研究表明:不同营养水平会影响GnRh、LH、FSH的分泌,能提高超排反应率及发情率,进而影响牦牛繁殖性能,高营养组中AST、ALT、TG、ALT等的含量高于低营养组,由此可见,不同程度的补饲能提高牦牛体内的代谢水平。This paper aims to study the effects of high,medium and low nutritional level diet on reproductive performance,serum biochemical indexes and reproductive hormones in yaks.In this experiment,60 female yaks were randomly divided into 3 groups with 20 groups:high,medium and low for 3 months;(1)When fed at different nutritional levels,the estrus rate and number of follicle superovulations were significantly higher in the high and medium nutritional groups than in the low nutritional group(P<0.05);On the 60th and 90th days,the concentrations of estradiol(E2),luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),and gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRh)in the serum of the medium and high nutritional groups were significantly higher than those in the low nutritional group(P<0.05),with no significant difference between the medium and high nutritional groups;(2)on the 90th day,the levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(CHO),and glucose(GLU)in the serum of the high and medium nutritional groups were significantly higher than those in the low nutritional group(P<0.05).The study indicates that different nutritional levels affect the secretion of GnRh,LH,and FSH,which can increase the rate of superovulation and estrus,thereby affecting the reproductive performance of yaks.The content of AST,ALT,TG,and other substances in the high nutritional group was higher than in the low nutritional group,showing that feeding at different nutritional levels can improve the metabolic level in yaks.

关 键 词：牦牛 不同营养水平 生殖激素 生化指标 发情率 卵泡超排 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]