从安大简《诗经》看汉代四家《诗》故训的先秦来源  

Examining the Pre-Qin Sources of the Four Collections of Han Dynasty’s Ancient Comments from Book of Poetry Recorded in the Anhui University Bamboo Slips

作　　者：黄甜甜 HUANG Tian-tian

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《北方论丛》2025年第1期112-118,共7页The Northern Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门“绝学”项目“基于出土文献的《诗经》文本用字研究”(19VJX123)。

摘　　要：将出土《诗经》文本中字词背后蕴含的先秦古义与四家《诗》故训对比,可以管窥四家《诗》故训的历史层次、了解战国秦汉间《诗经》的传承脉络,亦可评判前人所归纳的四家《诗》特点的合理与否。文中具体考辨了安大简《诗经》“窈窕”“中冓”“鹑之奔奔”等词句,对比发现四家《诗》一些故训明显源自先秦古义。进而可知,《鲁诗》之学确实严谨而重训诂。《齐诗》和《韩诗》的故训和遗说需要区分看待,其遗说喜欢附会和推衍,反映的主要是汉代思想;但是不少故训源自先秦,学术价值需要重新估量。《毛传》保留的一些先秦古义,在后世被曲解,亦有重新认识其价值的必要。By comparing the Pre-Qin meanings behind the words in the excavated documents of Book of Poetry with the Four Collections’ancient comments,we can get a glimpse of the historical level of the Four Collections,understand the inheritance of Book of Poetry between the Warring States and the Qin and Han Dynasties,and judge whether the characteristics of the Four Collections summarized by predecessors are reasonable.This paper specifically examines terms such as“yao tiao”,“zhong gou”and“chun zhi ben ben”in Book of Poetry recorded in The Anhui University Bamboo Slips,revealing that some ancient comments of the Four Collections evidently originate from Pre-Qin meanings.Also,Lushi is indeed rigorous and focused on textual interpretation.It’s necessary to differentiate between the ancient comments and the meanings of Qishi and Hanshi,which like to append and deduce,reflecting the ideas of the Han Dynasty;but many of the ancient comments originated from the Pre-Qin Dynasty,and the academic value needs to be reevaluated.Some of the ancient meanings of the Pre-Qin period retained in Maoshi have been misinterpreted in later times,and it is necessary to re-recognize their value.

关 键 词：《诗经》 四家“诗” 出土文献 安大简 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]