广东象头山国家级自然保护区森林乔木层群落动态变化  

Study on Regeneration Dynamics of Forest Arbors in Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve

作　　者：张粤 陈羽 刘彩琴 林建华 杨诗敏 梅启明 ZHANG Yue;CHEN Yu;LIU Caiqin;LIN Jianhua;YANG Shimin;MEI Qiming(Guangdong Xiangtou Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration,Huizhou,Guangdong 516000,China;Guangzhou Linfang Ecology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]广东象头山国家级自然保护区管理局,广东惠州516000 [2]广州林芳生态科技有限公司,广东广州510520

出　　处：《惠州学院学报》2024年第6期72-79,共8页Journal of Huizhou University

摘　　要：广东象头山国家级自然保护区于2015—2017年建设了5个面积为1 hm2的森林固定样地。2020—2022年,对5个样地进行第二次调查,从群落内乔木层物种组成、α多样性和β多样性,以及群落死亡率、更新率、增长等方面对群落动态进行了全面分析。结果表明:象头山5个样地的个体数有较大增长,但物种数变化较小;样地内木本植物的α生物多样性Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、Pielou指数均没有显著变化。复查显示,经过5年天然更新,象头山各群落的β多样性有所上升,说明各个群落内的共有种比例下降,群落间相似性随之下降。样地内乔木个体的更新率和增长率与海拔呈现正相关,其中海拔最高的常绿阔叶林样地XTS-D的更新率和增长率最高,分别为0.10和0.08。GDS-E样地内针叶树(马尾松pinus massoniana和杉木cunninghamia lanceolata)种群的衰退以及小叶青冈(cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia)和密花树(rapanea neriifolia)等阔叶树种群的扩大,符合亚热带森林由针阔混交林向顶级植被类型——常绿阔叶林演替的规律。Long-term monitoring of forest plots is a common method to study the succession of forest communities,and provides theoretical support for the protection and restoration of natural forests in the region.During 2015 and 2017,five forest plots with an area of 1 hm2 were constructed in Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve(XTSNR)in Guangdong Province.From 2000 to 2022,the second censuses was carried out on these plots with a total area of 5 hm2.The dynamics of the community were comprehensively analyzed from the aspects of species composition,αandβdiversity,as well as community mortality,recruitment rate and growth of tree layers.The results showed that:(1)The individual numbers of the five plots in XTSNR plots increased,greatly,but the species numbers changed slightly.(2)There were no significant changes in theαbiodiversity of woody plants in the plots,including Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index and Pielou index.(3)The results of the second censuses showed that after 5 years of natural regeneration,theβdiversity of among communities in XTSNR increased,indicating a decline in the ratio of common species and a decrease in community similarity.(4)The regeneration rate and growth rate of individual trees in the plots were positively correlated with the altitude,and the regeneration rate and growth rate of XTS-D in the plots with the highest altitude were 0.10 per year and 0.08 per year,respectively.(5)The populations of conifer species(Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata)declined and the populations of broad-leaved trees(e.g.Cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia and Myrsine seguinii)expanded in GDS-E plot,which were consistent with the succession rule of subtropical forest from mixed broadleaf-conifer forest to the top vegetation type—evergreen broad-leaved forests..

关 键 词：群落多样性 群落更新 森林演替 象头山国家自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]