青藏高原三种豆科植物核型分析及其进化关系研究  

Karyotypical Analysis and Evolutionary Relationship of Three Leguminous Plants in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau

作　　者：李彪[1] 马秀妍 周立伟 巩红冬[1] LI Biao;MA Xiuyan;ZHOU Liwei;GONG Hongdong(School of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Gansu Minzu Normal University,Hezuo Gansu 747000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃民族师范学院化学与生命科学学院,甘肃合作747000

出　　处：《甘肃高师学报》2025年第1期17-21,共5页Journal of Gansu Normal Colleges

基　　金：国家民委高等教育教学改革研究项目“基于创新型人才培养的植物生物学‘四位一体’实践课程体系探索与实践”(23151);2022年高校教师创新基金项目“青稞根际促生细菌的筛选鉴定及其对青稞的促生机理研究”(2022B-242)。

摘　　要：利用常规染色体压片技术,研究了产自青藏高原高海拔地区的兵豆、葫卢巴、箭筈豌豆等3种豆科植物的染色体数目及核型.结果显示,兵豆染色体数目为14条,其核型公式为2n=14=2M+6m+6sm(SAT),核型类别为1B型,核型不对称系数为60.17%;葫芦巴染色体数目为16条,其核型公式为2n=16=8m+4sm+4st,核型类别为2B型,不对称系数为64.47%;箭筈豌豆染色体数目为12条,其核型公式为2n=12=12m,核型类别为1A型,核型不对称系数(As.K%)为50.90%.三种豆科植物的进化程度由高到低依次为葫芦巴、兵豆及箭筈豌豆.This study used conventional chromosome compression techniques to investigate the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of three leguminous plants,namely Lens culinaris Medic.,Trigonella foenum graecum L.,and Vicia sativa L.,produced in high-altitude areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.The results showed that the number of chromosomes in adzuki bean was 14,and its karyotype formula was 2n=14=2M+6m+6sm(SAT).The karyotype category was 1B type,and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 60.17%.The number of chromosomes in Huluba is 16,and its karyotype formula is 2n=16=8m+4sm+4st.The karyotype category is 2B type,and the asymmetry coefficient is 64.47%.The number of chromosomes in arrow pea is 12,and its karyotype formula is 2n=12=12m.The karyotype category is 1A type,and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient(As.K%)is 50.90%.The research results show that the evolutionary degree of the three leguminous plants,from high to low,is as follows:fenugreek,adzuki bean,and arrow pea.

关 键 词：青藏高原 豆科植物 核型分析 进化关系 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]