信用修复权的规范构造:基于权利论证的进路  

The Normative Construction of the Right to Credit Restoration:An Approach Based on Rights Argumentation

作　　者：樊晓磊[1] 李辉 Fan Xiaolei;Li Hui(School of Economic Law(School of Environmental Law),Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学经济法学院(环境法学院),河南郑州450001

出　　处：《征信》2025年第1期10-18,共9页Credit Reference

基　　金：河南省软科学重点项目(222400410024);河南省2023年度研究生教学质量工程项目(YJS2023ZX24)。

摘　　要：信用修复权是学理和实践中提出的新型权利,是市场社会信用体系、信用生态建设的必然产物,是法治实践和权利生产的自然结果。信用修复权源于“人人平等”原则,是宪法“公民基本权利平等保护”规定的内在要求。信用修复权根植于“意思自治和诚实信用”之私法核心精神,其以信用权为依归、兼具人格权和财产权的双重属性,并实质体现为信用主体的诚信义务。《民法典》“名誉权”规定构成了信用权和信用修复权的规范依据,信用修复权是以信用权保护为目标的一系列程序性权利,包括信用修复程序的启动权、信用修复审查流程的参与权、信用修复结果的知情权和异议与救济权等。中国特色社会主义法治体系应当对信用修复权等新型权利保持较好的开放性,并在社会信用统一立法中专门设计“信用修复权”条款,对接宪法、《民法典》等法律规范,明确其权源基础和行使方式等问题,以保障社会信用法律体系的完备性和权威性。The right to credit restoration is a novel concept introduced in both theoretical and practical contexts.It is an inevitable product of the market-oriented social credit system and the construction of a credit ecology,arising naturally from the practice of the rule of law and the generation of rights.The right to credit restoration originates from the principle of“equality for all”,which is an intrinsic requirement of the constitutional provision for the equal protection of citizens’basic rights.It is rooted in the core private law spirit of“autonomy of will and good faith”,relying on credit rights and possessing dual attributes of personal rights and property rights.Substantively,it reflects the obligation of integrity of credit subjects.The provisions of“reputation rights”in the Civil Code serve as the normative basis for both credit rights and credit restoration rights.The right to credit is a series of procedural rights aimed at the protection of credit rights,including the right to initiate credit restoration procedures,the right to participate in the credit restoration review process,the right to be informed of the outcomes of credit restoration,and the rights to object and seek remedies.The rule of law system with Chinese characteristics should maintain a good openness to new rights,such as the right to credit restoration,and specifically design clauses regarding“the right to credit restoration”in the unified legislation on social credit,aligning with the Constitution and the Civil Code,to clarify issues such as the basis of its rights and methods of exercise,thereby ensuring the completeness and authority of the social credit legal system.

关 键 词：信用修复 信用修复权 信用权 名誉权 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学] D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]