电动机铁芯用0.3 mm厚硅钢片的精密冲裁成形工艺的研究  

Investigation on Precision Blanking Process for 0.3 mm Thick Silicon Steel Sheets Used in Electric Motor Stator Cores

作　　者：郑延琦 李仁禧 李雄 汪泽匪 孟毅[2] ZHENG Yanqi;LI Renxi;LI Xiong;WANG Zefei;MENG Yi(Chongqing Changjiang Electrical Appliances Industries Group Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400044,China;Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆长江电工工业集团有限公司,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学,重庆400044

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2025年第2期111-121,共11页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金(U21A20133)。

摘　　要：目的有效提高电动机定子铁芯用硅钢片的冲裁成形精度和电磁性能。方法基于伺服压力机和Deform2D有限元分析软件,进行0.3 mm厚硅钢片的精密冲裁试验和有限单元模拟仿真,并使用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和电子背散射衍射仪对冲裁成形硅钢片的宏微观质量进行分析,探究板材方向、冲裁速率和凸凹模间隙对硅钢片冲裁成形特性及宏微观冲裁质量的影响规律。结果硅钢片的微观组织并不具备明显的各向异性,硅钢片的冲裁性能并不会因取样方向不同而发生明显变化;冲裁速率对冲裁成形硅钢片的成形性能和宏微观质量均影响较小;虽然较大的凸凹模间隙可以有效降低冲裁成形所需能量,但是也会导致冲裁断口处塌角和撕裂带的增大以及光亮带的减少,从而降低了冲裁质量。当冲裁速率和凸凹模间隙分别为10 mm/s和10μm时,距冲裁断口100μm以内的晶粒取向差会受到一定影响。结论通过精密冲裁试验和有限单元模拟仿真,实现了对精密冲裁成形工艺参数以及凸凹模间隙的优化设计。The work aims to effectively improve the forming precision and electromagnetic performance of silicon steel sheets used in electric motor stator cores.Precision blanking experiments and finite element simulations were conducted using a servo press machine and Deform2D finite element analysis software on 0.3 mm thick silicon steel sheets.The mac-ro-microscopic quality of the stamped silicon steel sheets was analyzed by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and electron backscatter diffraction.The effects of material orientation,punching rate,and clearance between convex and con-cave dies on the formability and macro-microscopic quality of the silicon steel sheets were explored.Due to the low microstruc-tural anisotropy of the silicon steel sheets,the formability of the sheets did not vary significantly with different directions.The blanking speed had a minor influence on the formability and macro-microscopic quality of the blanked silicon steel sheets.Alt-hough a large clearance between convex and concave dies could effectively reduce the energy required for blanking,they also led to increased rollover zone and fracture zones at the blank edges,as well as a reduction in the burnish band,thereby reducing the stamping quality.When the punching rate and clearance between convex and concave dies were 10 mm/s and 10μm,re-spectively,the grain orientation difference within 100μm from the punching edge was affected to some extent.Through com-parative analysis of precision stamping experiments and finite element simulations,the optimization design of process parame-ters and clearance for precision stamping is achieved.

关 键 词：硅钢片 精密冲裁 冲裁速率 凸凹模间隙 宏微观质量 

分 类 号：TG164.11[金属学及工艺—热处理] TG31[金属学及工艺—金属学]