单楔面双成形角对大断面轴一次轧制成形的影响  

Influence of Double Forming Angle Based on Single Wedge Surface on One-time Roll-ing Forming of Large Cross-section Shafts

作　　者：闫华军 翟晨 张军改 代学蕊[2] 王宝雨[6] 刘晋平[6] 周兴邦 石小猛 YAN Huajun;ZHAI Chen;ZHANG Jungai;DAI Xuerui;WANG Baoyu;LIU Jinping;ZHOU Xingbang;SHI Xiaomeng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China;Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Cross Wedge Rolling and Rolling Forging Composite,Hebei Handan 056200,China;Hebei Dongan Precision Industry Corporation,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Handan Fengchi Precision Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Hebei Handan 056200,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学机械工程学院,石家庄050018 [2]河北科技大学材料科学与工程学院,石家庄050018 [3]河北省楔横轧及轧锻复合技术创新中心,河北邯郸056200 [4]河北东安精工有限公司,石家庄050000 [5]邯郸峰驰精密制造有限公司,河北邯郸056200 [6]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2025年第2期191-199,共9页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(E2020208044);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2022028)。

摘　　要：目的简化楔横轧大断面轴件二次起楔轧制模具,探究不同模具参数对大断面轴件轧制的影响规律。方法将二次起楔轧制改为一次轧制,通过在轧制过程中对坯料进行受力和做功分析,寻找适合大断面轴件轧制的模具楔形。利用有限元模拟分析方法,探究不同模具参数对坯料轧制时所受等效应力及其分布的影响规律;调整模具参数进行实际轧制实验,对模拟结果进行验证。结果单成形角模具楔形并不适合大断面轴件一次轧制成形,而底部大角度、顶部小角度的双成形角模具楔形则可以保证坯料受到足够的轧制力使金属顺利流动,又可以避免因金属流动过快而导致的轧制后期应力过度积累和凹心过长缺陷;当楔高比较小时,大轴段和小轴段连接处出现了凹陷现象,当楔高比较大时,大轴段和小轴段连接处出现了折皮缺陷;连接处轴件所受等效应力值随着成形角α_(1)和α_(2)的增大均呈先减小后增大的趋势。结论最优模具参数组合如下:楔高比λ=0.75,成形角α_(1)=32°,成形角α_(2)=18°;经实验验证轴件成形质量良好,简化后的一次轧制模具可以应用于实际生产。Simplifying the secondary wedge rolling die during cross wedge rolling of large section shafts is of great significance for exploring the influence of different die parameters on the rolling of large cross-section shafts.The secondary wedge rolling was changed to primary rolling.By analyzing the force and work on the shaft during the rolling process,a suitable wedge-shaped die for rolling large cross-section shafts was found.Using finite element simulation analysis method,the influence of different die parameters on the equivalent stress and its distribution during the shafts rolling were explored.Actual rolling experiments were conducted by adjusting the die parameters,and the simulation results were verified.The wedge-shaped die with a single forming angle was not suitable for one-time rolling of large cross-section shafts,while the wedge-shaped die with a double forming angle at the bottom and a small angle at the top could ensure that the shafts receive sufficient rolling force to allow the metal to flow smoothly,and could also avoid excessive stress accumulation and long concave defects caused by rapid metal flow in the later stage of rolling.When the wedge height ratio was small,a concave phenomenon appearred at the connection between the large and small shaft segments.When the wedge height ratio was large,a skin defect appearred at the connection between the large and small shaft segments.The equivalent stress on the connecting shaft component decreased first and then increased with the increase of forming anglesα_(1) andα_(2).In conclusion,the optimal die parameter combination are:wedge height ratioλ=0.75,forming angleα_(1)=32°,forming angleα_(2)=18°.Through experi-mental verification,the forming quality of the shaft is good,and the simplified one-time rolling die can be applied to actual production.

关 键 词：楔横轧 大断面轴 单楔面双成形角 楔高比 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TG335.19[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]