自由刑法视角下轻罪治理的立场检视与路径纠偏  

The Inspection and Rectification of Misdemeanor Governance from the Perspective of Liberal Criminal Law

作　　者：季晨佳 JI Chen-jia(China University of Political Science and Law,School of Criminal Justice,Beijing 108000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学刑事司法学院,北京108000

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期97-105,共9页Journal of North China Electric Power University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：受积极刑法观与风险预防理念的影响,我国刑事治理逐渐从“厉而不严”的核心重罪治理转变为“又严又厉”的轻重并进模式。轻罪立法、入罪司法的轻罪治理模式存在多层次的问题。在治理理念上,积极刑法观与安全优位消解了刑法的基本功能,其理论根基难以自洽;在治理路径上,刑法前置与制裁中心主义将刑法庸俗化为社会管理法,其难以弥补《刑法》处罚漏洞;在治理结果上,轻罪扩张与入罪解释严重挑战了罪刑法定原则,与刑法教义学理论相抵牾。应当坚持消极刑法观和自由刑法,引导社会适当提升总体风险容忍度,建构民刑行综合治理手段,保障轻罪出罪路径畅通,实现刑法的谦抑性。Influenced by the positive view of criminal law and the concept of risk prevention,China's criminal governance has gradually changed from the core felony governance of"severe but not strict"to the mode of"severe and strict"for both serious and minor crimes.There are multi-level problems in the misdemeanor governance mode of misdemeanor legislation and misdemeanor judicial inclusion.In the governance concept,the positive view of criminal law and the safety priority have eliminated the basic function of criminal law,and its theoretical foundation is difficult to be self-consistent;in the governance path,the preposition of criminal law and the sanction centralism have vulgarized the criminal law into a social management law,which is difficult to make up for the punishment loopholes in the Criminal Law;in the governance results,the expansion of misdemeanor and the interpretation of misdemeanor inclusion have seriously challenged the principle of legality of punishment,and conflict with the doctrine of criminal law.We should adhere to the negative view of criminal law and liberal criminal law,guide the society to properly improve the overall risk tolerance,construct the comprehensive governance means of civil crimes,ensure the smooth path of misdemeanor admission,and realize the modesty of criminal law.

关 键 词：积极刑法观 消极刑法观 轻罪治理 自由刑法 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]