机械排烟对室内变压器火灾燃烧特性的影响  

Effect of mechanical smoke exhaust on combustion characteristics of indoor transformer fire

作　　者：文波[1] 冯丽 WEN Bo;FENG Li(School of Resources Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2024年第6期1019-1029,共11页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52078415)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同机械排烟量下的室内变压器火灾动力学过程,探索适合于室内不同规模变压器火灾的最佳排烟量,基于FDS数值模拟技术,采用羽流法计算排烟量,研究6,12,18 MW这3种火源功率下室内变压器火灾在机械排烟条件下的燃烧特性。结果表明:无机械排烟时,不同火源功率下的燃烧形式不同;机械排烟量与火源功率呈正相关;不同规模变压器火灾均采用计算的2倍机械排烟量时降温幅度、能见度提升幅度最大,故采用2倍机械排烟量的降温控烟效果最佳。模拟6 MW火源功率的最佳排烟量为23.8 m^(3)/s,12 MW火源功率的最佳排烟量为41.7 m^(3)/s,18 MW火源功率的最佳排烟量为58.6 m^(3)/s;合理增大机械排烟量,能减小室内变压器火灾蔓延形成窗口溢流火的危险性,有效抑制火焰的发展;同一火源功率下,随机械排烟量的增大,主变室内温度显著降低,能见度提高。研究结果对户内式变电站主变压器室火灾的安全防护提供了参考依据。In order to study the dynamic process of indoor transformer fire under different mechanical exhaust volumes and explore the optimal exhaust volume suitable for indoor transformer fire of different sizes,based on FDS numerical simulation technology,this paper adopted the plume method to calculate the exhaust volume,and studied the combustion characteristics of indoor transformer fire under mechanical exhaust conditions for three types of fire power sources:6 MW,12 MW and 18 MW.The results show that:The combustion forms are different under different fire source powers without mechanical exhaust.The mechanical exhaust volume is positively correlated with the power of fire source.The cooling amplitude and visibility increase amplitude are the largest when 2 times the calculated mechanical smoke exhaust volume is used for transformer fire of different sizes,so the cooling and smoke control effect of 2 times the mechanical smoke exhaust volume is the best.Among them,the optimal smoke exhaust volume of 6 MW fire power is 23.8 m^(3)/s,that of 12 MW fire power is 41.7 m^(3)/s,and that of 18 MW fire power is 58.6 m^(3)/s.Reasonable increase of mechanical exhaust volume can reduce the risk of window overflow fire caused by the spread of indoor transformer fire,and effectively inhibit the development of flames.Under the same fire source power,with the increase of mechanical exhaust volume,the indoor temperature of the main transformer decreases significantly and the visibility increases.The research results provide a reference for fire safety protection in the main transformer room of indoor substation.

关 键 词：变压器室 变压器火灾 数值模拟 机械排烟 排烟量 温度分布 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]