降雨条件下采场边坡变形机理及NPR锚索控制效果  

Deformation mechanism of stope slope and control effect of NPR anchor cable under rainfall conditions

作　　者：王丰年 贺雁鹏 陶志刚[4] WANG Fengnian;HE Yanpeng;TAO Zhigang(Transportation Industry Key Laboratory of Highway Construction and Maintenance Technology in Loess Areas,Shanxi Provincial Transportation Technology Research and Development Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030032,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Energy Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省交通科技研发有限公司黄土地区公路建设与养护技术交通行业重点实验室,山西太原030032 [2]河海大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210098 [3]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054 [4]中国矿业大学(北京)隧道工程灾变防控与智能建养全国重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2024年第6期1127-1139,共13页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41941018,U2468219);山西省基础研究计划(202303021212371)。

摘　　要：边坡存在的软弱夹层会导致边坡岩体性质变差,并且在不良地质情况时会导致坡体沿着软弱结构面产生滑移。以中国某露天矿区边坡为研究背景,通过现场地质调查,室内物理模型试验以及数值模拟的方法对采场边坡失稳机理及NPR锚索控制效果进行研究。结果表明:边坡后缘处以张裂缝和剪切裂缝为主,主要为L01和L08这2条主要裂缝,L01裂缝发育深度约为22~26 m,L08裂缝位于边坡坡顶与后缘交界处,裂缝全长233 m,存在边坡失稳的风险;降雨造成地表渗流,软弱夹层含水率为5%、10%、15%、20%时,边坡的滑动为厘米级,最大水平位移分别为14.9,18.9,21.9,18.5 cm,最大竖向位移分别为35.8,51.7,101.8,291.0 cm;渗流对坡面岩体影响明显,边坡产生滑动的风险较大;NPR锚索对滑动边坡具有很强的补偿力学效应,预紧力平均在300 kN左右,比传统锚索更具有抵抗围岩滑动的优势。NPR锚索对滑坡的补偿力学行为可以为其他边坡的治理提供科学依据。The existence of weak interlayers in slope can lead to the deterioration of rock mass properties,and the slope can slip along the weak structural plane in bad geological conditions.Taking the slope of a certain open-pit mining area as the research background,the mechanism of slope instability and the control effect of NPR anchor cable were studied by in-situ geological investigation,indoor physical model test and numerical simulation.The results show that:The rear edge of the slope is dominated by tension cracks and shear cracks,mainly L01 and L08;The development depth of the L01 crack is about 22~26 m,and the L08 crack is located at the junction of the slope top and back edge,with a total length of 233 m,which has the risk of slope instability;When rainfall causes surface seepage and the moisture content of weak interlayers is 5%,10%,15%,and 20%,the sliding of the slope is centimeter level,with maximum horizontal displacements of 14.9,18.9,21.9,and 18.5 cm,and maximum vertical displacements of 35.8,51.7,101.8,and 291.0 cm,respectively;Seepage has obvious influence on the rock mass on the slope,and the risk of slope sliding is greater.NPR anchor cable has a strong compensatory mechanical effect on sliding slope,and the average preload is about 300 kN,which has more advantages than the traditional anchor cable to resist the slide of surrounding rock.The compensatory mechanical behavior of NPR anchor cable to landslide can provide scientific basis for the treatment of other slopes.

关 键 词：边坡 渗流 应力 应变 数值模拟 物理模型 

分 类 号：TD121[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]