不同的脱水方法、细胞破壁方法和萃取液对产油酵母油脂提取效率的影响研究  

Effects of Dewatering,Cell Disruption,and Extraction Methods on the Lipid Extraction of Rhodosporidium Toruloides

作　　者：凌嘉茵 邵李文 卢传升 何健强 周民 Ling Jiayin;Shao Liwen;Lu Chuansheng;He Jianqiang;Zhou Min(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource,Zhaoqing University,Zhaoqing 526061,China;School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Zhaoqing University,Zhaoqing 526061,China;Guangzhou Sub-branch of Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆学院广东省环境健康与资源利用重点实验室,广东肇庆526061 [2]肇庆学院环境与化学工程学院,广东肇庆526061 [3]广东省广州生态环境监测中心站,广东广州510006 [4]广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广东化工》2025年第1期1-3,共3页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：广东省环境健康与资源利用重点实验室项目(2020B121201014);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51708131);碳达峰与碳中和背景下废物资源化利用与环境健康创新团队(TD202408)。

摘　　要：微生物油脂为原料的第三代生物柴油生产技术的发展需要简单有效的油脂提取方法支持。本文研究了三种最广泛使用的脱水方法(105℃干燥、60℃干燥和冷冻干燥)、两种细胞破壁方法(78℃加热2 h或100℃加热后冻融)和两种萃取液(混合比例为1∶1和2∶1的氯仿和甲醇混合液)对油脂提取的影响。结果表明,三种脱水方法之间无显著差异(p>0.05),使用105℃干燥成本低且省时有效。78℃加热2 h的细胞破壁法测得的油脂含量(平均35.87%)略高于100℃加热后冻融法(平均32.78%)。氯仿和甲醇的2∶1混合液测得的油脂含量(平均36.52%)显著高于它们的1∶1混合液(平均32.13%,p<0.05)。A simple and effective lipid extraction method is required to support the research and development of biodiesel production technology from microbial lipids.This study aimed to compare the three most widely used dewatering methods(drying at 105℃,at 60℃,and freeze-drying),two cell disruption methods(heating at 78℃2 h or heating at 100℃+freeze-thawing,100℃FT)and two lipid extraction solvents(chloroform and methanol mixed solution at ratios of 1∶1 and 2∶1,CM1 and CM2)for the lipid extraction of oleaginous yeast.Results show that the inexpensive and time-saving dewatering method using 105℃was effective without significant difference(p>0.05)among the three methods.Insignificantly higher lipid content values(average 35.87%)were observed in the cell wall breaking method of heating at 78℃2 h than using 100℃FT(average 32.78%).The lipid content values obtained from CM2(average 36.52%)were significantly(p<0.05)higher than those of CM1(average 32.13%).

关 键 词：油脂 脱水 细胞破壁 萃取液 产油酵母 

分 类 号：TQ[化学工程]