中国沙棘雌雄花芽转录组分析  

Transcriptome Analysis of Male and Female Flower Buds in Hippophae rhamnoides subsp.sinensis

作　　者：施晓宝 王桢莹 张建国[1] 曾艳飞[1] SHI Xiao-bao;WANG Zhen-ying;ZHANG Jian-guo;ZENG Yan-fei(Research Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry,State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,KeyLaboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,林木遗传育种全国重点实验室,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2025年第1期95-105,共11页Forest Research

基　　金：北京师范大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室开放课题(K202302),中国林业科学院基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2019ZY004)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选中国沙棘雌雄花发育相关的基因,探究其雌雄异株性别分化的分子机制。[方法]石蜡切片观察中国沙棘花芽发育过程。选择花蕾分化期和生殖细胞发育期的雌雄花芽进行转录组测序,分析差异表达基因;GO和KEGG富集分析筛选雌雄花发育相关的通路和基因。并采用RT-qPCR验证测序分析结果。[结果]切片观察确认中国沙棘开花前一年7月底8月初为花蕾分化期,当年4月初为生殖细胞发育期。花芽转录组测序共组装得到78199个Unigenes;花蕾分化期和生殖细胞发育期分别有1528和4932个基因在雌雄花芽之间差异表达。差异表达基因显著富集到了糖代谢、次生物质代谢相关通路,涉及生长素、脱落酸、赤霉素和茉莉酸等植物激素通路。筛选出许多其他植物中鉴定出的雌雄花分化和发育相关的基因,例如TM6、MADS3、MADS9、AS2、CRC、SPL8、SPL9、CPK17、RALF1、PPME1、CDC2、PRK3、PRK6等。[结论]糖代谢、次生物质代谢和激素相关通路对中国沙棘雌雄花分化和发育具有重要的作用。[Objective]To identify genes related to male and female flower development in Chinese seabuckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides subsp.sinensis),and explore the molecular mechanisms of sex differentiation in this dioecious plant.[Method]The developmental stages of male and female flower buds in Chinese seabuckthorn were observed through paraffin sections.Transcriptome sequencing and comparative analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed genes in male and female flower buds from flower bud differentiation stage and germ cell development stage,respectively.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses were performed to screen pathways and genes involved in flower development.Gene expression was further validated by RT-qPCR.[Result]A total of 78,199 unigenes were assembled.At the stages of flower bud differentiation and germ cell development,1,528 and 4,932 differentially expressed genes were identified,respectively,between male and female flower buds.These genes were significantly enriched in pathways related to sugar metabolism,secondary matter metabolism and hormone signaling,including auxin,abscisic acid,gibberellin,and jasmonic acid.In addition,several genes related to male and female flower differentiation and development in other plant were detected,such as TM6,MADS3,MADS9,AS2,CRC,SPL8,SPL9,CPK17,RALF1,PPME1,CDC2,PRK3,PRK6.[Conclusion]This study suggests that pathways related to sugar metabolism、secondary matter metabolism and hormone may be essential for the differentiation and development of male and female flower in Chinese seabuckthorn.

关 键 词：中国沙棘 转录组 雌雄异株 花芽分化 差异表达基因 

分 类 号：Q941.2[生物学—植物学]