基于低秩稀疏分解的重磁异常分离方法及应用  

A low-rank decomposition-based method for separating gravity and magnetic anomalies and its application

作　　者：张紫薇 李厚朴[4] 张恒磊[1,2] 朱丹 ZHANG Zi-Wei;LI Hou-Pu;ZHANG Heng-Lei;ZHU Dan(School of Geophysics and Geomatics,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;No.2 Gas Production Plant,North China Oil and Gas Branch,SINOPEC,Xianyang 712000,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;S chool of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地质探测与评估教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [3]中石化华北油气分公司采气二厂,陕西咸阳712000 [4]海军工程大学电气工程学院,湖北武汉430033 [5]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《物探与化探》2025年第1期118-128,共11页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家优秀青年科学基金项目“海洋大地测量”(42122025);国家重点研发计划“磁探测系统及关键技术研究”(2022YFC3104000);地质探测与评估教育部重点实验室主任基金;中央高校基本科研业务费(GLAB2022ZR08)

摘　　要：如何有效地分离目标异常,减小过分离或者分离不足是重磁场分离的难点之一。为此,本文使用低秩稀疏分解的方法进行重磁异常场的分离,并且针对影响位场分离效果的平衡参数选择问题,提出了基于相关系数最小的平衡参数最优化估计方法。通过对理论重磁模型采用不同分离方法的试验结果进行分析,表明本文方法能够较好地分离区域异常和局部异常,显著地减小了传统滑动窗口平均、小波分析方法存在的分离不足或过分离现象。中国西部某矿区布格重力异常场分离的结果显示,分离的局部异常能够较清晰地反映出本区低磁性高密度的岩矿体。模型试验和实例分析表明,本文提出的方法提高了位场分离的准确性和实用性。Effectively separating target anomalies while minimizing over-or under-separation remains challenging in gravity and magnetic field separation.In this study,the low-rank decomposition was employed to separate gravity and magnetic anomalies.Additionally,to determine the balance parameters that affect potential field separation,this study proposed an optimal estimation method based on the minimum correlation coefficient.Tests of various separation methods based on theoretical gravity and magnetic anomaly models demonstrate that the proposed method allows for effective separation,significantly reducing under-or over-separation caused by the sliding window average and wavelet analysis methods.The proposed method was applied to the Bouguer gravity anomaly data from a mining area in western China.The separated local anomalies clearly reflected the presence of rock and/or ore bodies with low magnetic susceptibility and high density.Model experiments and field applications demonstrate that the proposed method can enhance the accuracy and practicality of potential field separation.

关 键 词：重磁异常 位场分离 低秩稀疏分解 局部异常 平衡参数 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]