西北高寒区花椒种子发芽试验  

Seed Germination Experiment of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Northwest Alpine Region

作　　者：周安安 赵克旺 Zhou An'an;Zhao Kewang(Linxia Forestry Technology Promotion Station,Linxia 731100,Gansu,China;Linxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linxia 731100,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]临夏州林业技术推广站,甘肃临夏731100 [2]临夏州农业科学院,甘肃临夏731100

出　　处：《农业技术与装备》2025年第1期124-126,共3页Agricultural Technology & Equipment

摘　　要：为了提高花椒的繁育系统效率,优选花椒实生苗木高效繁育方法,选择临夏地方优良花椒栽培品种刺椒种子为试验材料,开展了不同采收时间、采后不同制干方法和1%洗衣粉水溶液不同时长浸泡脱脂的花椒种子发芽试验。结果表明,花椒种子在出芽试验的第5天均开始发芽,第6天发芽率明显增长,第7天发芽率均超过终值的70%,第8天花椒种子发芽率可达到峰值;8月11日之后采收的花椒种子发芽率达到71%,8月16之后日采收的花椒种子发芽率达到79%,说明8月11日之后采收的花椒种子可以达到种子育苗的基本要求;烘干种子发芽率为0,晒干种子发芽率为14%,阴干花椒种子发芽率为71%,说明只有阴干花椒种子可以用于种子育苗生产;用1%洗衣粉水溶液浸泡花椒种子2 h,可以达到比较理想的脱脂效果,脱脂后的花椒种子发芽率可达到79%。In order to improve the breeding system efficiency of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,the efficient breeding method of Zanthox‐ylum bungeanum seed was selected as the experimental material,and the germination test of Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds soaked in different harvesting time,different post-harvest drying methods and 1%detergent solution for different time was carried out.The results showed that the seeds began to germinate on the 5th day of the germination test,the germination rate increased significantly on the 6th day,the germination rate exceeded 70%of the final value on the 7th day,and the germination rate reached the peak on the 8th day.The germination rate of Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds harvested after August 11 reached 71%,and that of Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds harvested after August 16 reached 79%,indicating that the seeds harvested after August 11 could meet the basic re‐quirements of seed seedling cultivation.The germination rate of dried seeds was 0,that of sun-dried seeds was 14%,and that of sundried Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds was 71%,indicating that only dried Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds could be used for seed seed‐ling production.The ideal degreasing effect can be achieved by soaking Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds in 1%detergent solution for 2 h,and the germination rate of Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds after degreasing can reach 79%.

关 键 词：花椒 种子 发芽特性 西北高寒区 

分 类 号：S573[农业科学—作物学]