基于解析模型的液压打桩锤缓冲结构动力学建模与分析  

Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of Hydraulic Piling Hammer Buffer Structure Based on Analytical Model

作　　者：胡宏涛 訚耀保[1] 代志同 庞国达 魏智健 郭传新[3] HU Hongtao;YIN Yaobao;DAI Zhitong;PANG Guoda;WEI Zhijian;GUO Chuanxin(College of Mechanical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Guangdong Liyuan Hydraulic Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Foshan 528313,Guangdong,China;Beijing Institute of Construction Mechanization Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100007,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海200090 [2]广东力源液压机械有限公司,广东佛山528313 [3]北京建筑机械化研究院,北京100007

出　　处：《流体测量与控制》2025年第1期1-7,共7页Fluid Measurement & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52175059)。

摘　　要：为提升液压打桩锤锤芯的抗冲击能力,提出一种带有缓冲结构的分体式打桩锤锤芯新结构。结合液压打桩锤的冲击沉桩过程以及分体式锤芯的结构特点,建立了包含活塞杆、缓冲结构、锤体、缓冲垫及桩的多体动力学解析模型,通过求解系统状态空间方程研究系统在不同参数下的动力学响应,分析了缓冲结构参数与桩垫参数对桩顶冲击力及系统能量传递效率的影响。研究结果表明:锤芯活塞杆的加速度随时间振荡衰减,其振荡频率随缓冲结构刚度的增大而增大,振荡幅值随缓冲结构阻尼的增大而减小;桩顶上的冲击力在桩周土壤的阻尼作用下逐渐衰减,其峰值随桩垫刚度的增大而增大;系统能量传递效率主要受桩垫参数的影响,通过选择合适的桩垫参数,能够提高打桩过程的能量传递效率。To enhance the impact resistance of the hydraulic pile hammer core,a split hammer core with a buffer structure is proposed.By integrating the impact pile-driving process of the hydraulic pile hammer and the structural characteristics of the split hammer core,a multi-body dynamic model that includes the piston rod,buffer structure,hammer body,buffer pad,and pile is established.The dynamic response of the system under different parameters is studied by solving the system's state-space equations,and the effects of buffer structure parameters and pile pad parameters on the pile top impact force and system energy transfer efficiency are analyzed.The research results indicate that the acceleration of the hammer core piston rod oscillates and decays over time,with its oscillation frequency increasing as the stiffness of the buffer structure increases and its oscillation amplitude decreasing as the damping of the buffer structure increases;the pile top impact force gradually decays under the damping action of the soil around the pile,with its peak value increasing as the stiffness of the pile pad increases;the system's energy transfer efficiency is mainly influenced by the parameters of the pile pad,and by selecting appropriate pile pad parameters,the energy transfer efficiency during the pile-driving process can be improved.

关 键 词：液压打桩锤 分体式锤芯 缓冲结构 解析模型 参数研究 

分 类 号：TH137.5[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]