切片角度与初始含水量对丹参干燥过程中水分迁移及有效成分含量的影响  

Effect of Slicing Angle and Initial Water Content on Water Migration and Effective Ingredient Content in Drying Process of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma

作　　者：杨国红 周冰谦 卢恒 王晓 郭兰萍[2] 刘伟[1] YANG Guohong;ZHOU Bingqian;LU Heng;WANG Xiao;GUO Lanping;LIU Wei(School of Pharmacy,Shandong Analysis and Test Center,Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province,Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250014,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院),药学院,山东省分析测试中心,山东省大型精密分析仪器应用技术重点实验室,山东省高等学校天然药物活性成分研究重点实验室,济南250014 [2]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2025年第4期208-216,共9页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3503801);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82173917);齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)科教产融合创新试点工程项目(2023PYI004)。

摘　　要：目的:探究角度和初始含水量对切片丹参干燥过程中水分分布、迁移规律及有效成分含量的影响。方法:设置丹参切制角度为30°、45°、90°,对丹参鲜品、失水1/3样品和失水2/3样品进行切制,置于40℃烘箱中干燥处理,于设置的时间点取样。利用低场核磁共振法(LF-NMR)及核磁共振成像(MRI)分析9个处理组丹参样品在特定的时间内横向弛豫时间(T2)的变化,以及样品内部水分的分布状态与迁移规律;利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对9个不同处理组丹参中丹参酮ⅡA、丹参酮Ⅰ、隐丹参酮与丹酚酸B的含量进行测定,并结合单因素方差分析、Duncan多重比较和主成分分析,筛选出丹参最佳加工工艺。结果:各处理组丹参干基含水率均随干燥时间的延长而降低,鲜切组干燥速率最先缓慢下降,失水组干燥速率则呈现出先提速后降速的趋势;丹参内部水分分为结合水、不易流动水和自由水3种状态,在干燥过程中水分迁移规律表现为鲜切组烘至12 h时自由水消失,结合水含量逐渐下降,整体流动性变差;失水组烘至3 h后部分自由水转化为结合力更强的不易流动水,烘至12 h后3种水分基本消失。MRI结果显示,整个失水过程由外侧向中心缓慢移动,内部水分最后散失。从有效成分含量来看,切片角度对丹参有效成分总含量的影响排序为30°>45°>90°;丹参酮类有效成分含量排序为失水1/3组>失水2/3组>鲜切组,丹酚酸B含量排序为失水1/3组>鲜切组>失水2/3组;结合主成分分析和综合评分结果,失水1/3后按30°切制,丹参的有效成分含量整体水平最高。结论:经综合评价,丹参在失水1/3后进行30°切片处理不仅易切制,干燥后表面及断面颜色基本不变,与传统加工下的颜色相接近,有效成分保存最好。该研究可为丹参加工工艺的优化提供依据。Objective:To explore the effects of angle and original moisture content on the moisture distribution,migration and contents of effective components in the drying process of sliced Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(SMRR).Methods:Set the slicing angles of SMRR at 30°,45°,and 90°.Cut the fresh samples,1/3 dehydrated samples,and 2/3 dehydrated samples,dry them in an oven at 40℃and take samples at the set time points.Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF-NMR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)were used to analyze the changes in transverse relaxation time(T2)of SMRR samples in 9 treatment groups at specific times,as well as the distribution and migration of water in the samples.The contents of tanshinoneⅡA,tanshinoneⅠ,cryptotanshinone,and salvianolic acid B in samples from 9 different treatment groups were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and the best processing technology of SMRR was screened by combining with Oneway ANOVA,Duncan multiple comparison and principal component analysis(PCA).Results:The moisture content of dry basis of SMRR in each treatment group decreased with the extension of drying time.The drying rate of fresh cut group decreased slowly at first,while the drying rate of water loss group showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing.The internal water of SMRR could be divided into three states,including bound water,non flowing water and free water.During the drying process,the water migration law showed that the free water of fresh cut group disappeared after drying for 12 h,the content of bound water gradually decreased,and the overall fluidity deteriorated.In the water loss group,part of the free water was transformed into more cohesive and non flowing water after drying for 3 h,and the three kinds of water basically disappeared after drying for 12 h.The MRI results showed that the entire dehydration process slowly moved from the outer side to the center,and the internal water eventually dissipated.In terms of the contents of active ingredients,th

关 键 词：丹参 干燥 切片 低场核磁共振法(LF-NMR) 核磁共振成像(MRI) 水分分布与迁移 高效液相色谱法(HPLC) 

分 类 号：R277[医药卫生—中医学] R943.1[理学—分析化学] O657[理学—化学]