西方学界奴隶制社会研究的路径与趋势  

Paths and Trends in the Study of Slavery Society in Western Academia

作　　者：郭玉飞 Guo Yufei

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒学高等研究院,山东济南250013

出　　处：《史学月刊》2025年第2期122-133,共12页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：西方学界有关奴隶制社会相关问题的研究在路径上经历了变化的过程。启蒙时期知识界的主流趋势是从法律和经济等角度表达反奴隶制的意识。19世纪受废奴主义思潮影响,西方学者往往将奴隶制视为“道德毒瘤”,从伦理道德角度抨击奴隶制。20世纪前半叶,受冷战影响,奴隶制问题成为意识形态对决的工具,西方学者倾向于否定奴隶制在古代社会普遍存在。20世纪70年代,摩西·芬利构建的概念框架扭转了基于道德判断和意识形态语境下的奴隶制研究路径,成为研究古代奴隶制的基本模型。近年来,西方学界开始倡导奴隶制社会研究的全球转向,出现了以去中心化和动态化研究奴隶制的新倾向。The study of issues related to slavery society in Western academia has undergone a process of change in its path.During the Enlightenment, the dominant intellectual trend was to express anti-slavery consciousness from legal and economic perspectives.In the 19th century, influenced by abolitionist thinking, scholars tended to view slavery as a “moral cancer” and attacked it from an ethical and moral perspective.In the first half of the 20th century, influenced by the Cold War, the issue of slavery became a tool for ideological dueling, and Western scholars tended to deny that slavery existed universally in ancient societies.In the 1970s, the conceptual framework constructed by Moses Finley reversed the path of slavery studies based on moral judgments and ideological contexts, and became the basic model for the study of ancient slavery.In recent years, Western academia has begun to advocate a global turn in the study of slavery societies, with a new tendency to study slavery in a decentered and dynamic manner.

关 键 词：奴隶制 奴隶制社会 芬利模式 全球史观 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]