古代中国城市发展中的法及其特征  

Law and Its Characteristics in the Development of Ancient Chinese Cities

作　　者：李卫东[1] LI Weidong

机构地区：[1]江汉大学法学院

出　　处：《法学评论》2025年第1期187-196,共10页Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金研究项目“全国律师公会联合会研究(1912—1949)”(项目编号:23BFX207)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：古代中国城市的设立与发展主要由中央政权规划和设定。城市的功能以政治和军事为主,在此基础上再叠加文化和经济功能。在礼法并用的制度文化和大一统的集权专制下,城市营建按统一的规划模式进行。尽管中国古代城市主要是作为广大农村的中心而存在,缺乏独立的法律地位,但城市依然有着不同于乡村的社会结构,具有自己独特的功能,依靠专门的法律维护城市社会的秩序。在政府主导下,自上而下建立和发展起来的中国古代城市,其法律也以政府管制和治理为主要出发点,构成具有中国特色的“城市法”体系,形成了不同于西方中世纪城市法的中国古代“城市法”特征,直到近代才发生变化。The establishment and development of cities in ancient China were mainly planned and set by the central government. Other than political and military, the functions of the city also based on cultural and economic functions. Acient China's institutional culture has the in print of using both etiquette and law, further more, with the centralized autocracy, the urban construction is carried out according to the unified planning mode. Although ancient Chinese cities mainly existed as the center of the vast rural areas and lacked independent legal status, cities still have social structures different from rural areas and have their own unique functions, and rely on special laws to maintain the order of urban society. Under the leadership of the government, the laws of ancient Chinese cities were also dominated by government control, thus forming a city law system with Chinese characteristics which did not change until modern times. It was the very urban law system that makes it different from the Western Middle Ages.

关 键 词：古代中国 城市 城市法 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]