弧形钢闸门支臂受冲击荷载的非线性动力分析  

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of arc steel gate arms subject to impact load

作　　者：董静[1] 白宇航 裴多菲 张俊发[1] DONG Jing;BAI Yuhang;PEI Duofei;ZHANG Junfa(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;China Energy Engineering Group Shaanxi Electric Power Design Institute,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]中国能源建设集团陕西省电力设计院有限公司,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水利水运工程学报》2025年第1期133-144,共12页Hydro-Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52109167);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(21JK0803);陕西省科技创新团队项目(2022TD-01)。

摘　　要：为研究水工弧形钢闸门在正常运行工况时支臂受冲击作用下的动力响应问题,预估闸门可能出现的破坏模式,以某水电站的弧形钢闸门为研究对象,采用非线性有限元方法模拟钢闸门在静水压力作用下,支臂受浮木冲击的过程,得到并分析弧形钢闸门支臂不同位置受冲击时的冲击力、位移及闸门整体的变形特征。结果表明,闸门破坏过程为受冲击的支臂或其斜杆首先发生面外失稳,随后靠近失稳支臂侧的闸门向铰支座方向移动,导致另一支臂承担的水压荷载瞬间增大而被压溃,最终导致闸门整体失稳破坏。随着浮木质量和冲击能量增加,受冲击位置受到的力和位移随之增大。当冲击能量较小时,即使支臂受冲击部位应力超过钢材屈服应力,闸门仍具有一定的稳定性;闸门支臂不同部位所能承受的最大冲击能量差异较大,冲击支臂近铰支座处位置易引起闸门结构失稳破坏;堰上水头越高,闸门支臂受冲击时越容易失稳。研究结果可为闸门受冲击时的安全性和闸门较易失稳构件的评判提供参考。To investigate the dynamic response of the support arms of hydraulic arc steel gates under impact loads during normal operation conditions and to predict possible failure modes,an arc steel gate from a certain hydropower station was selected as the research object.The nonlinear finite element method was used to simulate the process of the support arms of the steel gate being impacted by floating debris under hydrostatic pressure,obtaining and analyzing the impact force,displacement,and overall deformation characteristics of different positions of the arc steel gate support arms.The results show that the gate failure process begins with out-of-plane buckling of the impacted support arms or their diagonal bars,followed by the movement of the gate towards the hinge support on the side close to the unstable support arm,causing the hydrostatic load borne by another support arm to instantaneously increase and be crushed,ultimately leading to the overall instability and failure of the gate.With the increase in the mass and impact energy of the floating debris,the force and displacement experienced by the impact position increase accordingly.With low impact energy,even if the stress at the impacted part of the support arm exceeds the yield stress of the steel,the gate still has a certain degree of stability;the maximum impact energy that different parts of the gate arm can withstand varies significantly,and the position of the impacted arm near the hinge support is prone to cause structural instability and failure of the gate;the higher the head of water above the weir,the easier it is for the gate arm to become unstable when impacted.The research results can provide a reference for the safety assessment when the gate is impacted and for identifying the components of the gate most prone to instability.

关 键 词：弧形钢闸门 钢闸门支臂 动力响应 静水压力 等效应力 

分 类 号：TV663.2[水利工程—水利水电工程]