基于能量优化和超时传输的水声传感器网络路由协议研究  

Energy-optimized and transmission timeout-based routing protocol for underwater acoustic sensor networks

作　　者：王雪怡 刘妹琴[1,2] 张森林 WANG Xue-yi;LIU Mei-qin;ZHANG Sen-lin(College of Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University,Jinhua 321036,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州310027 [2]西安交通大学人机混合增强智能全国重点实验室,西安710049 [3]浙江大学金华研究院,浙江金华321036

出　　处：《控制与决策》2025年第1期55-63,共9页Control and Decision

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62173299);西安交通大学基本业务费项目(xtr072022001)。

摘　　要：高性能水声路由协议要求协议具有高吞吐量的同时,能耗尽可能小,这是提高能源利用效率的关键.针对这一问题,提出基于能量优化和超时传输的水声传感器网络路由协议.首先,路由寻找阶段融合能量均衡策略并利用退避机制尽可能接收多的路由请求再进行回复来控制路由开销;然后,数据传输阶段引入超时传输机制,利用主备份路由协同传输并监听和判断链路有效性,融合碰撞避免机制规避碰撞;最后,通过仿真和水下实验与按需平面距离向量路由协议(Ad Hoc on-demand distance vector routing,AODV)和矢量转发路由协议(vector based forwarding,VBF)进行对比.仿真实验结果表明:所提出协议相比于AODV与VBF,吞吐量和数据包成功接收率均有提升,且具有更低的单位字节能耗;水下实验结果表明:相比于AODV,所提出协议吞吐量提升了11.84%,数据包成功接收率提升了15.62%,单位字节能耗可降低0.10 J.High-performance routing protocols demand networks to achieve high throughput while minimizing energy consumption,which is crucial for enhancing energy utilization efficiency.Addressing this challenge,this paper proposes an energy-optimization routing protocol based on transmission timeout(EOTT)in underwater acoustic networks.During the route discovery phase,a backoff mechanism is utilized to respond to as many route requests as possible before replying,thereby controlling routing overhead.Additionally,an energy-balancing strategy is integrated aiming to balance network energy consumption.In the data transmission phase,a retransmission timeout mechanism is introduced for data monitoring and link validity assessment.Moreover,collision avoidance mechanisms are incorporated to mitigate collisions and enhance packet delivery ratio and throughput.Simulation and in-field experiments are conducted to compare this protocol with the Ad Hoc on-demand distance vector routing(AODV)and vector based forwarding(VBF)protocols.Simulation results demonstrate that this protocol achieves improvements in both throughput and packet delivery ratio compared to AODV and VBF,with lower per-byte energy consumption.The underwater experiments further demonstrate that the EOTT improves throughput by 11.84%,packet delivery rate by 15.62%,and decreases energy consumption per byte by 0.10 J.

关 键 词：水声传感器网络 路由协议 能量优化 超时传输 退避机制 碰撞避免机制 

分 类 号：TN929.3[电子电信—通信与信息系统]