数字金融使用何以影响农户创业——来自中西部地区1525户农户的微观证据  

How Does the Use of Digital Finance Affect Farmers’Entrepreneurship:Micro Evidence Collected from 1525 Households in Central and Western China

作　　者：张林[1,2] 王龙基[2] 王燕霞 ZHANG Lin;WANG Long-ji;WANG Yan-xia(Center for Inclusive Finance and Agricultural&Rural Development,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Economics and Management,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学普惠金融与农业农村发展研究中心,重庆400715 [2]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期121-143,共23页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“农业强国目标下健全农村金融服务体系的机制与路径研究”(23BJY149);国家社科基金重大项目“数字普惠金融支持乡村振兴的政策与实践研究”(22&ZD123);重庆市社会科学规划中特理论重点项目“成渝地区县域数字普惠金融赋能农业新质生产力发展研究”(2024ZTZD20)。

摘　　要：农户创业是推动农村地区经济发展的重要引擎,数字金融使用对农户创业行为具有积极的推动作用。利用云南、贵州、四川、重庆、湖南五省(市)1525份农户调研数据,通过构建Probit模型,实证检验数字金融使用对农户创业的影响效应、作用机制及异质性,研究结果表明:数字金融使用能够显著促进农户创业,该结论在经过一系列内生性讨论和稳健性检验后依然成立;数字金融使用对非农创业的促进作用显著高于涉农创业,对发展型创业的促进作用显著高于生存型创业;从异质性来看,数字金融使用对低年龄组农户、低人力资本农户、高社会资本农户以及风险中性农户创业的促进作用更为明显;从作用机制来看,数字金融使用可以通过降低金融获得成本、缓解信贷约束、提高信息可得性、提高金融知识水平四个机制来促进农户创业。为推动农村双创工作尤其是促进农户创业,应加快推进农村数字金融发展,弥补农村金融弱势群体的数字鸿沟,提高金融机构对创业农户的金融支持,加大对农户创业的政策支持。Farmers’entrepreneurship functions as an important impetus to promote economic development in rural areas,and it is impacted positively by the engagement of digital finance.Probit model is established by employing the survey data of 1525 households scattered in Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan,Chongqing,and Hunan provinces to empirically test the impact of digital finance use on farmers’entrepreneurship and its mechanism and heterogeneity.The results show that digital finance can significantly promote farmers’entrepreneurship and it still holds after a series of endogenous analysis and robustness tests.Compared with agricultural entrepreneurship,the promoting effect is greater on non-agricultural entrepreneurship;compared with development oriented entrepreneurship,this effect is greater on survival oriented entrepreneurship.The promotion is achieved through reducing financial acquisition costs,alleviating credit constraints and improving information accessibility.To promote rural entrepreneurship and innovation,especially the former,we should accelerate the development of rural digital finance,bridge the digital divide of vulnerable groups in rural finance,strengthen financial support from financial institutions for entrepreneurial farmers,and adopt more supportive policies for farmers’entrepreneurship.

关 键 词：数字金融使用 农户创业 乡村振兴 中西部地区 

分 类 号：F830.49[经济管理—金融学]