2011-2023年海南省碘缺乏病重点防控措施及事件对监测结果的影响  

Key prevention and control measures and events of iodine deficiency disorders in Hainan Province from 2011 to 2023 and their impact on monitoring results

作　　者：吴红英[1] 潘碧雨 蒙仕珠 王兴任[1] 陈言[1] Wu Hongying;Pan Biyu;Meng Shizhu;Wang Xingren;Chen Yan(Department of Endemic and Chronic Disease,Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou 570203,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心地慢科,海口570203

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2024年第9期736-741,共6页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的分析海南省2011-2023年碘缺乏病监测结果和在此期间采取的重点防控措施及相关事件对监测结果的影响。方法2011-2023年,采用系统抽样方法,每年在海南省21个市(区、县)按东、西、南、北、中划分5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取40名8~10岁儿童(非寄宿学生)、20名孕妇,进行其家庭食用盐盐样和尿样的碘含量测定。结合监测结果,分析海南省盐碘含量下调前(2011年)、下调后(实施新的盐碘含量标准,2012-2023年)及盐业体制改革(2017年)、海南省地方病防治攻坚行动(2019、2020年)等重点事件,对海南省居民碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率,儿童、孕妇尿碘含量及尿碘分布的影响。采用B超法检查部分儿童甲状腺肿大(甲肿)情况。结果(1)2011年,海南省居民盐碘含量中位数为32.1 mg/kg;新标准实施后,2012年盐碘含量中位数为30.8 mg/kg;2013年盐碘含量中位数下降至25.9 mg/kg,2017、2019、2020年分别为24.5、24.2、23.8 mg/kg,不同年份间盐碘中位数比较,差异有统计学意义(H=29.01,P<0.001)。2011-2023年海南省居民碘盐覆盖率为98.08%(80727/82308),不同年份间比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.51,P=0.023);合格碘盐食用率为95.65%(78738/82308),不同年份间比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=21.80,P<0.001)。(2)2011-2023年儿童尿碘中位数为177.5μg/L,其中2011年儿童尿碘中位数为204.2μg/L;新标准实施后,2012年儿童尿碘中位数为194.9μg/L。2013年儿童尿碘中位数下降至167.8μg/L,之后每年均在100~<200μg/L,其中2017、2019、2020年分别为170.4、172.8、186.3μg/L,不同年份间比较差异无统计学意义(H=1.67,P=0.061)。2011-2023年儿童尿碘<100μg/L的占比为16.29%(8740/53634),100~<200μg/L的占比为43.96%(23575/53634),不同年份间比较差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=21.50、23.40,均P<0.001)。2011-2023年儿童甲肿率为0.19%(101/53634)。(3)2011年孕妇尿碘中位数为153.0μObjective To analyze the monitoring results of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)in Hainan Province from 2011 to 2023,key prevention and control measures taken during this period,and the impact of related events on the monitoring results.Methods From 2011 to 2023,a systematic sampling method was used to divide 21 cities(districts,counties)in Hainan Province into 5 districts based on east,west,south,north,and center each year.One township(street)was selected from each district,and 40 children aged 8-10(non boarding students)and 20 pregnant women were selected from each township(street)for determination of iodine level of their household salt and urine samples.Based on the monitoring results,the impact of key events such as the pre reduction(2011),post reduction(implementation of new iodized salt standard,2012-2023),salt industry system reform(2017),and the two-year campaign for endemic disease prevention and control(2019,2000),on the salt iodine coverage rate and qualified iodized salt consumption rate,the urinary iodine level and its distribution in children and pregnant women were analyzed in Hainan Province.B-ultrasound was used to detect the situation of thyroid enlargement was analyzed.Results(1)In 2011,the median iodine level in edible salt of residents in Hainan Province was 32.1 mg/kg.It was 30.8 mg/kg after the implementation of the new standard in 2012.In 2013,the salt iodine level of residents had significantly decreased to 25.9 mg/kg,with 24.5,24.2,and 23.8 mg/kg in 2017,2019,and 2020,respectively.The differences of median salt iodine levels between different years were statistically significant(H=29.01,P<0.001).The coverage rate of iodized salt among residents in Hainan Province from 2011 to 2023 was 98.08%(80727/82308),and the difference between different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.51,P=0.023).The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.65%(78738/82308),and the difference between different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=21.80,P<0.001).(2)The median urinary iodine

关 键 词：碘 监测 盐类 尿 影响 

分 类 号：R599.9[医药卫生—内科学]