浙江近海三疣梭子蟹空间分布特征及其与环境因子的关系  

Spatial distribution characteristics of Portunus trituberculatus in the coastal waters of Zhejiang and their relationships with environmental factors

作　　者：李向乾 蒋日进[2] 单晓鸾 李振华[2] 赵芃 郝辉擘 李齐群 周永东[2] LI Xiangqian;JIANG Rijin;SHAN Xiaoluan;LI Zhenhua;ZHAO Peng;HAO Huibo;LI Qiqun;ZHOU Yongdong(Marine and Fisheries Research Institute,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316021,China;Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resources of Zhejiang Province,Zhoushan 316021,China;Rushan Marine Economic Development Center of Shandong Province,Rushan 264500,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所,浙江舟山316021 [2]浙江省海洋水产研究所,农业农村部重点渔场渔业资源科学观测实验站,浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室,浙江舟山316021 [3]山东省乳山市海洋经济发展中心,山东乳山264500

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2024年第11期1325-1335,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：东海重要渔业资源生产过程与驱动机制项目(2023YFD2401901);长江口及其邻近海域水生生物资源调查项目(HYS-CZ-202408);浙江近海重要经济种产卵场调查与评价((HYS-CZ-202416)

摘　　要：为探究浙江近海三疣梭子蟹空间分布特征及其影响因素,根据2020—2022年4月(春季)和11月(秋季)浙江近海底拖网渔业资源调查数据,利用全局莫兰指数(global Moran’s I)、热点分析(Getis-Ord G_(i)^(*))和地理加权回归(geographically weighted regression,GWR)模型分析三疣梭子蟹资源的空间自相关性及其与环境因子影响的空间异质性。全局自相关分析结果表明,春季空间自相关性从小到大依次为2020年(P>0.1)、2022年(P<0.01)、2021年(P<0.01);秋季空间自相关性从小到大依次为2022年(P<0.05)、2021年(P<0.01)、2020年(P<0.01);2021和2022年均表现为春季三疣梭子蟹空间聚集程度高于秋季,而2020年空间聚集程度为春季低于秋季。局部自相关表明,春季和秋季三疣梭子蟹热点区位置分布存在相似性,即春秋季三疣梭子蟹热点区分布存在规律,春季三疣梭子蟹主要聚集在舟山海域西北部,而秋季则聚集在舟山海域东北部。GWR模型表明不同季节的环境因子对三疣梭子蟹资源分布具有空间非平稳效应,春季各环境因子对三疣梭子蟹资源分布影响的空间异质性程度由大到小依次为底层海水溶解氧(SBD)>底层海水温度(SBT)>底层海水盐度(SBS),秋季空间异质性程度由大到小依次为SBT>SBD>SBS。结论认为,三疣梭子蟹的空间自相关性存在一定的年际变化和季节规律,环境因子对三疣梭子蟹资源分布影响存在明显空间异质性。Portunus trituberculatus is widely distributed in the coastal waters of China and is currently facing high fishing pressure.To protect and sustainably utilize the fishery resources of P.trituberculatus,this study was conducted based on survey data from an offshore trawl survey in Zhejiang Province in April(spring)and November(autumn)from 2020 to 2022.The spatial distribution characteristics and the relationship between Portunus trituberculatus and marine environment were analyzed using global autocorrelation analysis,hot spot analysis,and the geographical weighted regression(GWR)model.The results showed that the spatial autocorrelation in spring ranked from small to large in the order of 2020,2022,and 2021,and that in autumn ranked from small to large in the order of 2022,2021,and 2020.In 2021 and 2022,the spatial aggregation degree of P.trituberculatus in spring was higher than that in autumn,whereas that in 2020 was lower than that in autumn.The local autocorrelation showed that the distribution of hot spots in spring and autumn was regular.In spring,P.trituberculatus mainly concentrated around the waters near the northwest of the Zhoushan Sea area at coordinates 121.7°–122.5°E,30.7°–31°N,whereas in autumn,it concentrated around the northeastern part of the Zhoushan Sea area at coordinates 122.5°–123.25°E,30°–31°N.The GWR model showed that environmental factors had spatial non-stationary effects on resource distribution of P.trituberculatus during different seasons.The spatial heterogeneity degree of environmental factors on resource distribution of P.trituberculatus spring was in the order of bottom sea dissolved oxygen(SBD)>bottom sea temperature(SBT)>bottom sea salinity(SBS).The spatial heterogeneity in autumn was in the order of SBT>SBD>SBS.This study contributes to understanding the spatial distribution of P.trituberculatus in offshore waters of Zhejiang,thereby providing a scientific foundation for the management of fishery resources.

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹 空间自相关 地理加权回归模型 空间分布 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]