计算流体力学方法在大气科学中的应用综述  

Review for applications of CFD method in atmospheric science

作　　者：陈燕 陈兵 徐家平 张宁[3,4] Chen Yan;Chen Bing;Xu Jiaping;Zhang Ning(Jiansu Provincial Climate Center,Nanjing,210019,China;Jintan National Climatic Observatory,Changzhou,213251,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023,China;China Meteorological Administration Urban Meteorology Key Laboratory,Beijing,100089,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省气候中心,南京210019 [2]金坛国家气候观象台,常州213251 [3]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210023 [4]中国气象局城市气象重点开放实验室,北京100089

出　　处：《南京大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第5期871-880,共10页Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2342221);中国气象局城市气象创新团队(CMA2022ZD09)

摘　　要：随着计算机技术的发展与普及,计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)方法被应用于大气科学的研究领域,特别是对边界层过程和小尺度问题的研究. CFD方法所具有的网格划分、对复杂下垫面的表征、对湍流过程的精细求解等特点,在求解这类问题时具有独特的优势,因此在城市微气候与城市大气环境、复杂下垫面大气边界层和大气模式参数化方案发展等领域都有较为广泛的应用.本文对CFD在这些领域的应用进行了回顾总结.在大气科学中进一步应用CFD方法时,面临三个挑战:一是随着应用范围扩大,计算网格数量迅速增加,计算效率下降;二是缺少对大气科学中的土壤-大气之间的水热交换、城市污染中颗粒物的大气辐射效应、云微物理过程等的有效描述;三是没有较好地描述边界强迫.这些都是需要持续开展研究的问题.With the development of high-performance computing,CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)methods are widely used in atmospheric research,especially in the fields of micro scale processes and atmospheric boundary layer problems.The investigations benefit from the features of fine meshing,well-representing of complex terrain or buildings,and multi-optional turbulence closure schemes for the numerical simulations of urban micro-climate/meteorology,atmospheric boundary layer flow over complex terrain and improvement of parameterizations in mesoscale models.A literature review is given in this paper.In atmospheric science,there are three challenges to further apply CFD methods.As the simulation range expands,the number of computational grids will rapidly increase,and the computational efficiency of CFD will decrease.At present,CFD methods lack effective descriptions of water and heat exchange between soil and atmosphere,atmospheric radiation process of particulate matter in urban pollution,and cloud microphysical processes.CFD methods have not yet effectively described boundary forcing.All these issues require continuous research.

关 键 词：CFD方法 大气边界层 城市微气候 复杂地形 湍流 

分 类 号：P463[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]