长治方言表意外的回应标记“到底_(4)”的语法化研究  

A Grammaticalization Study of the Unexpected Information Response Token“Daodi(到底_(4))”in Changzhi Dialect

作　　者：洪波[1] 郑晶[1] HONG Bo;ZHENG Jing

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学文学院,100089

出　　处：《历史语言学研究》2024年第1期133-149,共17页

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国境内语言语法化词库建设”(项目编号:15ZDB100)的资助

摘　　要：本文研究的是山西长治方言中的“到底_(4)”,文章认为“到底_(4)”是一个表意外的回应标记,表达“竟然是这样”的意外情态义,具有邀请对方接续话轮的会话功能。其语法化源头是正反问和选择问句中表深究义的语气副词“到底_(3)”。“到底_(3)”通常不拥有焦点重音,而“到底_(4)”强制重读,拥有焦点重音,这表明“到底_(4)”的语法化过程中涉及信息结构的“图形重塑”,“到底_(4)”属于典型的前景化语法化。语法化后期,“到底_(4)”进一步由意外程度高的典型语境拓展到意外程度中甚至是低的非典型语境中,语音也发生一定程度的弱化,语义更加虚化。This paper mainly discusses the“daodi(到底_(4))”in Changzhi dialect of Shanxi Province and argues that it is a response token,which expresses the mirative modal meaning of“surprisingly so”.It has a conversational function that encourages previous speakers to continue their conversation.The source of its grammaticalization is the modal adverb“daodi(到底_(3))”,which expresses the interrogative mood in the A-not-A questions and the alternative questions.“Daodi(到底_(3))”usually does not have focal stress,while“daodi(到底_(4))”is forced to have focal stress,indicating that the grammaticalization process of“daodi(到底_(4))”involves re-configuration of information structure and belongs to a typical foreground grammaticalization.In the later stage of grammaticalization,the function of“daodi(到底_(4))”is further extended from the typical context with high degree of mirativity to atypical context with medium or even low degree of mirativity.This process of functional extension is accompanied by a certain degree of phonetic erosion and the semantic bleaching.

关 键 词：长治方言 到底_(4) 回应标记 前景语法化 图形重塑 

分 类 号：H172.2[语言文字—汉语]