2021—2023年南宁市华支睾吸虫感染及知信行现状调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of Clonorchis sinensis infection and related KAP status in population in Nanning City from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：韦舒琳 屈志强[1] 刁书琴 李雪 罗密芳 黄燕翠 罗媛媛 WEI Shulin;QU Zhiqiang;DIAO Shuqin;LI Xue;LUO Mifang;HUANG Yancui;LUO Yuanyuan(Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning Key Laboratory of Food Hygiene Safety and Detection,Nanning 530023,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心,南宁市食品卫生安全与检测重点实验室,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2024年第5期289-293,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z-A20221264)

摘　　要：目的 调查南宁市人群华支睾吸虫感染情况及相关知识、态度、行为状况,为制定针对性的防治措施提供依据。方法 2021—2023年在南宁市每年抽取2~3个县(区)作为华支睾吸虫病监测点,按照分层整群抽样法在各监测点每年抽取1 000人采用改良加藤厚涂片法(一粪两检)进行华支睾吸虫虫卵检测,并从中随机抽取150人进行知信行问卷调查。结果 2021—2023年共调查8 058人,检出华支睾吸虫阳性1 534人,总感染率为19.04%;主要为轻度感染(占85.46%,1 311/1 534)。各县(区)感染率感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=757.968,P<0.05),前3位的县(区)依次为江南区(41.16%,417/1 013)、青秀区(36.97%,373/1 009)和西乡塘区(15.30%,153/1 000)。男性和女性感染率分别为28.07%(1 101/3 922)和10.47%(433/4 136),年龄分布上以50~59岁年龄组人群感染率较高(28.33%,440/1 553),文化程度分布上以初中文化人群感染率较高(28.15%,908/3 226),职业分布上以农民感染率较高(26.02%,1 368/5 258);不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业的人群感染率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=404.732、691.044、352.794、695.679,P均<0.05)。知信行调查中,防治知识知晓率、态度正确率、行为正确率分别为80.08%(961/1 200)、72.75%(873/1 200)、69.42%(833/1 200)。防治知识知晓[OR=0.51,95%CI:(0.35,0.74)]、防治态度正确[OR=0.44,95%CI:(0.30,0.65)]、防治行为正确[OR=0.26,95%CI:(0.18,0.40)]均与华支睾吸虫感染呈负相关。结论 南宁市人群华支睾吸虫总体感染水平较高但以轻度感染为主,人群华支睾吸虫病防治知信行水平有待进一步提升,建议开展以健康教育与药物治疗相结合的综合性防治措施以降低人群感染率。Objective To investigate the Clonorchis sinensis infection and related knowledge,attitudes,and practice(KAP)in the population in Nanning City for evidences to plan targeted prevention and control measures.Methods Two to three counties(districts)in Nanning area were annually selected as surveillance sites for clonorchiasis from 2021 to 2023.Then 1000 people were respectively included from each monitoring site every year by stratified cluster sampling method to undergo detection of clonorchiasis eggs with modified Kato-Katz thick smears(one stool and two tests).Finally,150 subjects were randomly selected for questionnaire survey.Results A total of 8058 people were investigated from 2021 to 2023,in whom 1534 were positive for Clonorchis sinensis.The total infection rate was 19.04%and classification of infection degree is mainly mild infection(85.46%,1311/1534).The difference of infection rate in each counties(districts)was statistically significant(χ^(2)=757.968,P<0.05).The top 3 infection rates were in Jiangnan District(41.16%,417/1013),Qingxiu District(36.97%,373/1009)and Xixiangtang District(15.30%,153/1000).The infection rate was 28.07%(1101/3922)for males and 10.47%(433/4136)for females,and the highest in population aged 50-59 years(28.33%,440/1553).By educational background and occupation,the highest infection rate was seen in population of junior middle school(28.15%,908/3226)and farmers(26.02%,1368/5258).There were significant differences in infection rate among different genders,age groups,education levels and occupations(χ^(2)=404.732,691.044,352.794,695.679,all P<0.05).The overall knowledge awareness rate,attitude accuracy rate and behavior accuracy rate were 80.08%(961/1200),72.75%(873/1200)and 69.42%(833/1200),respectively.The KAP was negatively correlated with Clonorchis sinensis infection[OR=0.51,95%CI:(0.35,0.74);OR=0.42,95%CI:(0.29,0.62);OR=0.27,95%CI:(0.18,0.40),respectively].Conclusion The overall infection level of Clonorchis sinensis in Nanning city remains relatively higher,yet the infection

关 键 词：华支睾吸虫 肝吸虫 感染 知信行 南宁市 

分 类 号：R532.23[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]