论吴方言卷舌音声母  

On Retroflexed Initials in Wu Dialects

作　　者：陈忠敏[1] CHEN Zhongmin

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,200433

出　　处：《历史语言学研究》2023年第2期212-226,共15页

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“上海城市方言现状与历史研究及数据库建设”(19ZDA303)的资助

摘　　要：本文根据百年前苏州话卷舌音声母的语音特点、音韵分布来论证吴语宁波话、金华话、衢州话过去也有相同的卷舌音声母。它们的共同点是有相同的音韵分布;卷舌音声母的圆唇伴随动作会使后接韵母元音圆唇化;卷舌音声母是文读层,它与平舌音声母构成文读层/白读层异读。文章最后说明吴语卷舌音声母是五代以后南方官话的渗透层。这一南方官话的渗透层已成为赣客徽等方言的主体层,但在吴语里仅表现为文读层。另外这一层次不见于闽、粤方言。Based on the phonetic natures and phonological distribution of retroflexed initials in Suzhou Wu a hundred years ago,this paper proves that Ningbo,Jinhua and Quzhou dialects of Wu also had the same retroflexed initials in the past.What they have in common is the same phonological distribution,labialized accompany action which can cause the round lip of the final vowel.The variation among retroflexed and alveolar initials is a reflection of sound layers between literary and colloquial readings.Finally,the paper shows that the layer of retroflexed initials is the infiltration layer of southern Mandarin after the Five Dynasties.This infiltrating layer of southern Mandarin has become the main layer of Gan,Hakka and Hui dialects,but it is only the layer of literary reading in Wu dialects.In addition,this sound layer does not exist in Min and Yue dialects.

关 键 词：吴语 卷舌音 平舌音 文白异读 语音层次 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]