麝香类药用生物资源及其资源化利用研究  

Medicinal biological resources and resource utilization of Moschus

作　　者：孙何怡萱 徐顶巧 付瑞嘉 晏菲 杨洁[1] 唐于平 SUN Heyixuan;XU Dingqiao;FU Ruijia;YAN Fei;YANG Jie;TANG Yuping(Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学陕西省中医药管理局中药配伍重点研究室,陕西咸阳712046

出　　处：《中草药》2024年第19期6797-6805,共9页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：陕西省中医药管理局中医药科研攻关项目(ZYJXG-L23001);陕西中医药大学学科创新团队项目(2019-YL10)

摘　　要：麝香是我国优良的天然资源,其功效多、适用范围广,为我国道地产区中药材的典型代表之一,但由于生态环境的破坏及对麝的肆意滥杀,麝香的资源状况已十分严峻。通过系统性归纳生产麝香五大麝种的外观、形状等特征,总结了麝香及其活性成分的药理作用。整合了天然麝香与人工麝香及麝香类似物(麝鼠香、灵猫香、龙涎香)在多方面的异同,为寻找麝香人工或天然替代品研究提供依据。从中药资源化学的角度出发,基于不同提取方法、不同季节、不同产地等因素,对比麝香资源化学成分。进一步分析麝香药用资源价值,并根据进展提出利用策略。为深入研究和开发该类药用植物资源提供参考,并为麝香药用资源综合利用提供理论支撑。Shexiang(Moschus)is an excellent natural resource in China,which has many functions and wide application range,and is one of the typical representatives of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in China.However,due to the destruction of ecological environment and people’s wanton killing of Musk Deer,the resource situation of Moschus has been very serious.The appearance,shape,and other characteristics of five species of musk deer were systematically summarized,and the pharmacological effects of Moschus and its active components were summarized.It integrates the similarities and differences between natural Moschus and artificial Moschus,as well as the analogues of Moschus(muskrat,zibet,ambergris)in many aspects,and provides a basis for the study of artificial or natural substitutes for Moschus.From the perspective of the chemistry of traditional Chinese medicine resources,the chemical components of Moschus resources were compared according to different extraction methods,different seasons,and different places.Finally,the value of medicinal resources of Moschus was analyzed,and the utilization strategy was put forward according to the progress.The aim is to provide reference for further research and development of this kind of medicinal plant resources,and provide basis for comprehensive utilization of Moschus medicinal resources.

关 键 词：麝 麝香 人工麝香 名贵中药 麝香酮 开窍醒神 资源化学 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]