新疆秸秆饲料化高效利用现状及发展趋势  

Problems and countermeasures in the efficient use of straw for animal feed in Xinjiang-A case study of Kashi region

作　　者：侯敏[1] 黄新新 林青[1] 杨帆 姚怀兵 严媛媛 买尔哈巴·艾合买提[1] 詹发强[1] 崔卫东[1] HOU Min;HUANG Xinxin;LIN Qing;YANG Fan;YAO Huaibing;YAN Yuanyuan;Maierhaba Aihemaiti;ZHAN Faqiang;CUI Weidong(Xinjiang Special Environmental Microbiology Laboratory,Institute of Microbial Application,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第S1期153-157,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金计划-新疆少数民族科技人才特殊培养项目(2021D03002);新疆维吾尔自治区乡村振兴产业发展科技行动项目(2020NC013);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项(2022B02042);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2022B02056-2);新疆农业科学院青年理论学习小组调研项目

摘　　要：【目的】浅析新疆喀什地区畜牧业发展中饲草料利用现状、存在的问题以及对策。【方法】通过调研及文献资料分析,针对该地区秸秆饲料化高效利用现状,结合当前成熟的物理和生物加工技术,提出相应改进对策。【结果】喀什地区大型养殖场、养殖合作社常利用饲草有玉米、玉米秸秆、小麦秸秆、甜高粱秸秆、棉花秸秆、苜蓿、青贮饲料、混贮(秸秆、甜菜渣类)以及可利用的中草药残渣等。喀什地区饲草料资源主要以玉米秸秆为主制作青贮饲料,初步构建青贮、黄贮菌株库,拥有一批优质的产酸、产酶、耐受性强的饲用菌株,形成了青贮复合菌剂、棉秸秆专用复合菌剂、作物绿汁发酵液等秸秆发酵菌剂产品。【结论】应加大以微生物技术为中心的秸秆综合应用,着力开发秸秆发酵促进剂、饲料微生物添加剂,将微生物制剂及发酵技术、机械加工、营养饲喂有机结合,推进农村农业秸秆的饲料化利用,满足绿色、循环、低成本生产方式,提高生产能力、产品品质、秸秆饲料产品利用率和其附加值的需求。【Objective】Taking the Kashi region of Xinjiang as an example,this paper analyses the current situation of forage utilisation in the development of animal husbandry in the region.【Methods】The existing problems and the impact on the development of animal husbandry.In view of the existing problems in the region,it combines the current mature physical and biological processing technology to improve and propose corresponding countermeasures.The aim is to provide a reference for improving the efficiency of forage utilisation and promoting the healthy and sustainable development of animal husbandry in the region.【Results】Common forage grass used by large-scale breeding cooperatives in kashi region corn,corn stalks,wheat stalks,sweet sorghum stalks,cotton stalks,alfalfa,silage feed,mixed storage(straw,sugar beet residue)and the chinese herbal medicine reidue which can be utilized.The main forage resources in kashi region are corn stalks used for silage production.Preliminary construction of silage and yellow storage strain library,with a batch of high-quality acid producing,enzyme producing,and highly to lerant feed strains.Formed silage composite microbial agents,cotton straw specific composite microbial agents,cotton straw specific composite microbial agents,and crop green juice fermentation microbial agents produts.【Conclusion】Focus on developing straw fermentation promoter;and feed microbial additives.Organic combination of microbial preparations and fermentation technology,mechanical processing,and nutritional feeding.

关 键 词：饲草料 畜牧业 高效利用 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]