新疆红枣产业发展现状分析  

Analysis on the development status of Xinjiang jujube industry

作　　者：靳娟 李丽莉 杨磊[1] 樊丁宇[1] 郝庆[1] JIN Juan;LI lili;YANG Lei;FAN Dingyu;HAO Qing(Institute of Horticulture Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第S1期106-110,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区现代农业产业技术体系项目(XJLGCYJSTX02-2024);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-30);新疆农业科学院青年理论学习小组调研项目

摘　　要：【目的】分析新疆红枣产业发展现状及进展。【方法】采用实地调研,走访各产区种植大户、枣园、加工企业、合作社等收集数据,总结分析新疆红枣产业的发展现状。【结果】目前红枣在新疆59个县(市)广泛种植。截至2022年新疆红枣种植面积31.87×10^(4)hm^(2)(478×10^(4)亩),产量161×10^(4)t,面积和产量均居全国首位,新疆红枣生产上规模应用的品种约有6个,其中灰枣占比70%左右,骏枣25%左右,哈密大枣4666.67 hm^(2)(7×10^(4)亩),七月鲜3333.33 hm^(2)(5×10^(4)亩),其它鲜枣,如冬枣、蟠枣、伏脆蜜等鲜枣3333.33 hm^(2)(5×10^(4)亩)左右。【结论】新疆红枣果个饱满、高糖、色艳、品质优良。红枣产业已成为新疆林果支柱产业,是我国规模最大的优质干枣生产基地。新疆审(认)定的红枣品种有灰枣、骏枣、赞新大枣、喀什喀尔圆枣、喀什喀尔长圆枣、七月鲜、垦鲜1号、垦鲜4号、伏脆蜜、尼雅蟠枣、灰枣系列、羌灰系列等20余个品种。新疆红枣产业发展中品种结构相对单一,枣园栽培管理轻简化程度尚不高,枣果实品质有所下降,枣园病虫害危害严重及枣精深加工转化能力不足。【Objective】To analyze the development status and progress of jujube industry in Xinjiang.【Methods】Field investigation and actual visits to major growers,jujube orchards,processing enterprises,cooperatives and other departments in various producing areas were conducted to summarize and analyze the development status of Xinjiang jujube industry.【Results】At present,it is widely cultivated in 59 counties(cities and districts)in Xinjiang.By 2022,Xinjiang jujube has a planting area of 31.87×10^(4)hm^(2)(478×10^(4)mu)and a yield of 161×10^(4)t,ranking first in both area and yield in China.There are about 6 varieties used in Xinjiang jujube production on a scale,of which gray jujube accounts for about 70%and Jun jujube 25%.Hami jujube 4,666.67 hm^(2)(7×10^(4)mu),fresh jujube 3,333.33 hm^(2)(5×10^(4)mu),other fresh jujube,such as Dong jujube,Pan jujube,Fu Chi Mi and other fresh jujube 3,333.33 hm^(2)(5×10^(4)mu).【Conclusion】The main problems in the development of jujube industry in Xinjiang are simple variety structure,low degree of cultivation and management of jujube orchard,decline of jujube fruit quality,increasingly serious damage of diseases and pests in jujube orchard and insufficient ability of deep processing and transformation of jujube.

关 键 词：枣产业 现状 品种 果实品质 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]