不同苯唑氟草酮施药方式防除玉米田杂草药效及安全性评价  

Evaluation on the efficacy and safety of dif ferent application methods of flumioxazinone in controlling weeds in corn field

作　　者：戴爱梅[1,2] 叶梦迪 丁志梅 王志慧 乔晓燕 王小武[1] 付开赟 贾尊尊 叶晓琴 吐尔逊·阿合买提 康健[5] 丁新华 郭文超[1] DAI Aimei;YE Mengdi;DING Zhimei;WANG Zhihui;QIAO Xiaoyan;WANG Xiaowu;FU Kaiyun;JIA Zunzun;YE Xiaoqin;Tuerxun Ahemati;KANG Jian;DING Xinhua;GUO Wenchao(Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-safety,Urumqi 830091,China;Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Bole Xinjiang 833400,China;Plant Protection of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830049,China;Institute of Microbial Application,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology,Urumqi 830091,China;Xinjiang Xinlong Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd,Urumqi 830006,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/新疆农业生物安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]博尔塔拉蒙古自治州农业技术推广中心,新疆博乐833400 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区植物保护站,乌鲁木齐830049 [4]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [5]新疆鑫隆农业科技有限公司,乌鲁木齐830006

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第S1期28-34,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“新疆优势特色农作物重大有害生物绿色防控关键技术研发”(2023A02009)

摘　　要：【目的】不同设置苯唑氟草酮施药方式防除玉米田间杂草的药效试验,并进行安全性评价,筛选符合当前大面积集约化种植的高效除草剂安全施药方法。【方法】采用滴灌施药及植保无人机喷施的方式,对比分析随水滴施和植保无人机超低量喷施除草剂对新疆灌区玉米田杂草的实际防除效果。【结果】相较于滴灌滴施,利用无人机喷施6%苯唑氟草酮可分散油悬浮剂(OD)125 mL+90%莠去津62.5 mL在药后第5、10和15 d对灰藜、苘麻、田旋花及稗草的防效更优,施药30d时两者间无显著差异。膜下滴灌滴施除草剂显著优于无膜滴灌滴施处理,且膜下滴灌施药对灰黎、苘麻和稗草药后30 d的株防效和鲜重防效依次为98.48%~100%和99.28%~100%,对田旋花药后30 d的株防效和鲜重防效分别仅为71.60%和74.28%。此外,不同施药方式均未对玉米产生明显的药害症状,且对玉米产量有显著提升。【结论】滴施苯唑氟草酮除草剂可应用于新疆灌溉玉米产区防治多种杂草。【Objective】In order to establish a safe and efficient herbicide application method in line with the current large-scale intensive planting background,the efficacy test and safety evaluation of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl with different application methods to control weeds in corn fields were carried out.【Methods】Drip irrigation and plant protection UAV spraying were used to compare and analyze the actual control effect of water dripping and plant protection UAV ultra-low spraying herbicides on weeds in corn fields in Xinjiang irrigation area.【Results】Compared with drip irrigation,spraying 6%flumioxazinone OD 125 mL+90%atrazine 62.5 mL by drone had better control effect on Chenopodium glaucum,Abutilon theophrasti,Convolvulus arvense and Echinochloa crusgalli on the 5th,10th and 15th day after treatment,but there was no significant difference on the 30 th day.The study also found that the application of herbicides under mulched drip irrigation was significantly better than that without mulched drip irrigation,and the plant control effect and fresh weight control effect of the application of herbicides under mulched drip irrigation were 98.48%-100%and 99.28%-100%,respectively,after 30 days of treatment.The plant control effect and fresh weight control effect were only 71.60%and 74.28%,respectively,after 30 days of treatment of Convolvulus arvensis.In addition,different application methods did not produce obvious phytotoxicity symptoms on maize,and the yield of maize was significantly improved.【Conclusion】Drip application of flumioxazinone herbicide can be applied to control a variety of weeds in irrigated maize production areas in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：苯唑氟草酮 玉米 药效 安全性 无人机 滴施 

分 类 号：S435.131.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]