嗅觉测试在轻度认知障碍患者早期诊断中的研究进展  

Advancements in olfactory testing for early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment in patients

作　　者：周纯祎 胡慧 张艾琳 王云翠 ZHOU Chunyi;HU Hui;ZHANG Ailin;WANG Yuncui(College of Nursing,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430065,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北中医药大学护理学院,湖北武汉430065

出　　处：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2024年第5期119-125,共7页Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81973921)

摘　　要：轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)是介于正常衰老与阿尔兹海默病之间的一种过渡状态。有研究发现,MCI患者中存在嗅球萎缩、神经元丢失等病理改变,且病理改变的严重程度与认知功能障碍呈正相关,嗅觉测试有望成为筛查MCI患者的补充工具。目前国内基于嗅觉测试早期诊断MCI的研究相对较少,属于起步阶段。本研究通过文献回顾,对嗅觉功能的相关概述、嗅觉测试的内容、特点及应用现状等内容进行综述,为临床工作人员选择合适的嗅觉测试工具早期识别MCI提供参考依据。Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)serves as a transitional state between the typical ageing process and the onset of Alzheimer's disease.Emerging research indicates that MCI patients exhibit pathological alterations such as olfactory bulb atrophy and neuronal loss.Moreover,the severity of these pathological changes correlates with the degree of cognitive impairment.Hence,olfactory testing holds potential as a supplementary tool for MCI screening.Despite being in its nascent stages in China,research on early MCI diagnosis through olfactory tests is gaining momentum.In this study,we conduct a comprehensive review of pertinent literature,encompassing olfactory function,test content,characteristics,and current applications.Our aim is to furnish healthcare practitioners with insights into selecting suitable olfactory test instruments to enhance the early detection rate of MCI.

关 键 词：轻度认知障碍 嗅觉 嗅觉测试工具 嗅球萎缩 神经元丢失 

分 类 号：R765[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R749.1[医药卫生—临床医学]