人工智能辅助量刑的困境、重释与规制  

作　　者：聂振华 杨洁琳 

机构地区：[1]河南法官进修学院科研处 [2]郑州铁路运输法院刑事审判庭

出　　处：《数字法治》2024年第5期168-180,共13页DIGITAL LAW

摘　　要：为充分发挥人工智能在数字法院中的辅助作用、进一步实现公正与效率,本文通过检视当前人工智能辅助量刑的现状及其应用、伦理、技术困境,进而对人工智能辅助量刑的司法理论进行内涵重释,以实现对人工智能辅助量刑的规制与重塑。本文提出构建分类适用的“人工智能+量刑”体系,以期为以法官为中心、人机协同辅助的司法新未来奠定基础:一是根据介入程度进行阶梯型分类,分为注意力提醒模式、智能量刑建议模式、自动草拟裁判文书模式,并参照案件繁简程度设置三种模式的对应介入边界;二是设置规范便捷的“人工智能+量刑”程序;三是以全周期的统一管理和多元化的全面监督实现权责适应的“人工智能+量刑”监管。To fully leverage the role of artificial intelligence in smart courts and further realize justice and efficiency,this paper examines the current status,applications,ethical and technical dilemmas of AI-assisted sentencing.It reflects on the reasons behind existing challenges and proposes a reinterpretation of judicial theory under AI-assisted sentencing to regulate and reshape it.The paper aims to establish a categorized“AI+Sentencing”system:First,categorizing into levels based on intervention intensity(attention reminder mode,intelligent sentencing recommendation mode,automated judgment document generation mode),with corresponding intervention boundaries based on case complexity;Second,setting up a standardized and efficient“AI+Sentencing”procedure;third,implementing unified management throughout the whole process and diverse comprehensive supervision to adapt responsibilities in the“AI+Sentencing”oversight.This lays the groundwork for a future judiciary centered on judges,assisted by human-machine collaboration.

关 键 词：数字法院 量刑 人工智能辅助量刑 量刑规范化 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学] TP18[政治法律—法学]