个人信息保护还需要隐私权吗?——比较宪法层面的考量  

作　　者：王正鑫 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学法学院

出　　处：《数字法治》2024年第5期91-106,共16页DIGITAL LAW

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“数字化行政的法律治理研究”(项目编号:2023BFX009);华东师范大学2023年度人文社会科学青年预研究项目“数字政府背景下的公民权利保护研究”(项目编号:2023ECNUYYJ024)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：隐私权曾为个人信息保护提供宪法基础,当个人信息受保护权成为个人信息保护的宪法基础,隐私权与个人信息受保护权在宪法秩序中的功能角色需要得到恰当处理。欧盟在这方面有着丰富的宪法实践,可以为中国语境下的个人信息宪法保护提供参考。隐私权与个人信息受保护权均以信息利益为权利内核,彼此之间难以实质区分,但可基于权利外观的不同而通过宪法拟制实现形式分立。形式分立要求个人信息受保护权形成自身的权利规则,可被单独适用于个人信息保护,避免对隐私权的从属依附。同质的权利内核使得隐私权与个人信息受保护权的融合适用成为可能,有利于实现对个人信息的无漏洞保护,但同时应避免隐私权对个人信息受保护权的单方吸收。The right to privacy used to provide constitutional basis for personal data protection.However,how to deal with the relationship between the right to privacy and the right to the protection of personal data appropriately has become the focus attention when the latter attained status of constitutional basis for personal data protection.The EU has rich constitutional practices in this regard,which can provide a critical reference for the constitutional protection of personal information in the Chinese context.Both of the right to privacy and the right to the protection of personal data consider information interest as core meaning,so they can't distinguish between each other substantially,but they can distinguish from each other formally by constitutional fiction on the basis of different right appearances of their own.On the one hand,the formal distinction requires that the right to the protection of personal data have its own rules,so it can be applied to personal data protection solely and be freed from the right to privacy.On the other hand,identical core meaning makes it possible to apply the two rights in an integrated way,which is beneficial to achieve seamless protection for personal data.At the same time,the right to privacy absorbing the right to the protection of personal data unilaterally should be avoided.

关 键 词：个人信息 基本权利 比较宪法 个人信息受保护权 隐私权 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D99[政治法律—法学]