基于指向性声源的声场分区控制研究  

Research on sound zone control with directional sources

作　　者：沈国诚 石黎 邹海山[1] 卢晶[1] 雷成友 Shen Guocheng;Shi Li;Zou Haishan;Lu Jing;Lei Chengyou(Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics,Ministry of Education,Institute of Acoustics,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210093,China;Wuhan Second Institute of Ship Design and Research,Wuhan,430064,China)

机构地区：[1]近代声学教育部重点实验室,南京大学声学研究所,南京210093 [2]武汉第二船舶设计研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《南京大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期15-27,共13页Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12274221)

摘　　要：声场分区控制系统向声场中不同区域传播不同的音频信息,由于声源的指向性使它在不同方向辐射的声功率大小不同,针对汽车座舱这一应用场景,研究声源指向性对声场分区控制性能的影响.首先,基于自由场的理论模型进行声场分区控制的仿真,针对前区和后区分别为亮区的情况,分析不同位置声源对亮区和暗区声能量的贡献,研究声源指向性对声场分区控制性能的影响并给出定性解释.其次,通过优化两个闭箱扬声器之间的幅值比和相位差,设计具有不同指向性的组合源.最后,在消声室环境中使用组合源进行实验,比较使用不同指向性组合源得到的声场分区控制效果,并与仿真结果进行对比.结果表明,以前区为亮区时,声源指向性对声对比度有显著影响,通过调整组合源的指向性,分区控制效果可优于使用单极子声源得到的控制效果;以后区为亮区时,使用不同指向性声源得到的控制效果没有明显差别.The sound zone control system propagates different audio information to various regions in a sound field.Due to the directionality of sound sources,the sound power radiated in different directions varies.In this paper,the influence of the sound source directivity on the performance of sound zone control is investigated for the application in automotive cabins.Firstly,simulations of the sound zone control are conducted based on the free⁃field model of the sound source.The contributions of sound sources located at different positions to the sound energy in the bright and dark zones are analyzed for cases where the front and rear zones of the cabin are bright zones,respectively.The impact of the sound source directivity on the sound zone control performance is also investigated and a qualitative explanation is given.Secondly,the compound source with different directivity is designed by optimizing the amplitude ratio and phase difference between two enclosed speakers.Finally,experiments are conducted in an anechoic chamber to compare the effects of the sound zone control obtained by using compound sources with different directivities,and the experimental results are compared with those obtained from simulations.It is shown that the directivity of the sound source significantly influences the acoustic contrast when the front zone of the cabin is the bright zone.By adjusting the directivity of the compound source,the sound zone control performance can exceed that achieved with monopole source.However,when the rear zone of the cabin is the bright zone,no significant differences in the control performance are observed across sound sources with different directivities.

关 键 词：声场分区控制 组合源 指向性声源 声对比度控制 

分 类 号：TN912.3[电子电信—通信与信息系统]