非洲资源治理转型:动力与表现  

作　　者：周玉渊[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海国际问题研究院西亚非洲研究中心

出　　处：《复旦公共行政评论》2024年第1期1-32,共32页Fudan Public Administration Review

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社科基金重大项目“协调推进全球发展倡议和全球安全倡议路径研究”(编号:23ZDA125)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：非洲丰富的自然资源并没有转化为应有的发展成果,反而在反噬着非洲国家的政治、经济、安全和社会文化。非洲资源治理因此成为非洲发展和国际对非合作的重要议题,其兼具国家治理和全球治理的双重性质,而两者之间的关联和互动塑造了非洲资源治理的理念、范式和框架。随着发展主题、治理主体以及治理的理念、目标和规范标准的变化,非洲的资源治理也在不断发展转型。在这一过程中,非洲的资源治理经历了从资源主权到资源红利的理念变化,其相应的战略和政策在不断纠错、调适和改革,非洲自主性和国家能力的有限性使非洲资源治理的理念、规范、政策的制定和执行很大程度上是由西方发达国家主导的。相比于不断完善的法律、制度和治理规范,因为执行力弱,非洲的资源治理表现依然不佳,资源在促进非洲发展上的潜力仍没有得到释放。这一现实也推动着非洲国家和国际组织自主引领非洲资源治理意愿的上升,并将资源禀赋与国家包容性发展的有机统一作为资源发展的核心目标。当前全球能源转型和绿色发展带动的资源需求被非洲国家视为非洲发展的重要机会,提升资源治理能力成为非洲国家抓住这一机遇的重要途径。然而,大国博弈和地缘竞争正导致非洲资源治理呈现扩大化、武器化和政治化趋势,这正深刻影响着当下的非洲资源治理转型。非洲资源发展面临的新机遇能否转化为应有的发展成果仍存在不确定性。非洲国家和外部行为体应该正视这一现实,以更负责任的方式参与和促进非洲的资源治理。Africa's rich natural resources have not been transformed into the expected development results,but are backlashing the politics,economy,security and social culture of African countries.African resource governance has become an important topic for African development and international cooperation with Africa.It has the dual nature of national governance and global governance,and the correlation and interaction between the two have shaped the concept,paradigm and framework of African resource governance.Resource governance in Africa is also undergoing continuous development and transformation,in terms of development themes,governance subjects,concepts,goals,and normative standards.In this process,Africa's resource governance has undergone a conceptual change from resource sovereignty to resource dividends,and its corresponding strategies and policies are constantly under adjustment and reforming.The limited autonomy and national capabilities of Africa make resource governance in Africa are largely dominated by Western developed countries.Compared with the ever-improving laws,systems,and governance norms,Africa's resource governance performance is still low due to weak enforcement,and the potential of resources wealth to promote Africa's development has not been released.This reality promotes the rising ownership and leadership of Africa countries on resource governance,and transforming resource endowment into development opportunities is taken as the core goal of resource development in Africa.The rising demand on critical minerals driven by energy transformation and greendevelopmentis regarded by African countries as an important opportunity for Africa's development,and improving resource governance capabilities has become an important way for African countries to seize this opportunity.However,the increasing Power Games and geopolitical competition are leading to the weaponization and politicization of African resource governance,which is profoundly affecting the current transformation of African resource govern

关 键 词：非洲资源治理 关键矿产 资源竞争 资源治理转型 资源治理武器化 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]