高速激光熔覆铁基自磨刃涂层及其性能研究  

Iron-based Self-grinding Coating and Its Properties Prepared by High-speed Laser Cladding

作　　者：赵宝辉 马文 恩德拉赫-米西格多杰[4] ZHAO Baohui;MA Wen;UNDRAKH Mishigdorzhiyn(Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of New Materials and Surface Engineering,Hohhot 010051,China;Hulunbeier Branch of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Hulunbuir 021008,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Institute of Physical Materials Sciences,Ulan-Ude 670047,Russia)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区新材料与表面工程重点实验室,呼和浩特010051 [2]内蒙古自治区特种设备检验研究院呼伦贝尔分院,呼伦贝尔021008 [3]内蒙古工业大学材料与科学工程学院,呼和浩特010051 [4]俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院物理材料科学研究所,乌兰乌德670047

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2024年第S2期419-426,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(JY20220041);内蒙古自治区青年科技人才发展项目(NMGIRT2319)

摘　　要：为提升铁基自磨刃的耐磨性能并改善农机零部件的使用寿命,在自磨刃模具(65 Mn)表面采用光纤同轴送粉激光熔覆技术,通过调控熔覆扫描速度,对Fe901硬质合金涂层的耐磨性和硬度进行了系统分析;利用XRD、SEM-EDS、摩擦磨损试验等手段,分析熔覆涂层的截面形貌、相组成、硬度及耐磨性能。研究结果表明,Fe901铁基硬质合金涂层显微组织主要是由奥氏体柱状晶和等轴枝晶组成,周围存在针状(Cr,Fe)_(7)C_(3)碳化析出物。涂层主要相包括α-Fe固溶体、(Cr,Fe)_(7)C_(3)混合碳化物和CrFeB硬质相。在高速激光熔覆扫描速度为3.0、4.2 m/min时,涂层平均硬度为767.80、829.97 HV_(0.3),是65 Mn弹簧钢基体(275.2 HV_(0.3))硬度的2.79、3.02倍。同时,涂层单位面积磨损量较无涂层磨损质量分别降低27.39%、32.78%,显著提升了耐磨性。本研究有效提高了Fe901铁基硬质合金涂层的硬度和耐磨性,并在改善铁基自磨刃的使用性能方面展现出应用潜力。To enhance the wear resistance of iron-based self-sharpening blades and improve the service life of agricultural machinery components,fiber-optic coaxial powder-fed laser cladding technology was employed on the surface of self-sharpening blade molds(65 Mn).By adjusting the cladding scanning speed,a systematic analysis of the wear resistance and hardness of Fe901 hard alloy coatings was conducted.Techniques such as XRD,SEM-EDS,and friction and wear testing were used to analyze the cross-sectional morphology,phase composition,hardness,and wear resistance of the cladding coatings.The results showed that the microstructure of the Fe901 ironbased hard alloy coating consisted primarily of austenitic columnar and equiaxed dendrites,with needle-like(Cr,Fe)_(7)C_(3)carbide precipitates observed around the matrix.The main phases of the coating includedα-Fe solid solution,(Cr,Fe)_(7)C_(3)mixed carbides,and CrFeB hard phases.At high scanning speeds of 3m/min and 4.2 m/min,the average hardness of the coating was 767.80 HV0.3 and 829.97 HV_(0.3),respectively,which were 2.79 and 3.02 times of the hardness of 65 Mn spring steel substrate(275.2 HV_(0.3)).Moreover,the wear volume per unit area of the coating was reduced by 27.39%and 32.78%compared with that of the uncoated substrate,significantly enhancing wear resistance.The research not only effectively improved the hardness and wear resistance of the Fe901 iron-based hard alloy coating but also demonstrated significant potential for enhancing the performance of iron-based self-sharpening blades.

关 键 词：自磨刃涂层 高速激光熔覆 Fe901硬质合金粉末 硬度 耐磨性 

分 类 号：S220.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]