深度伪造技术滥用及其法律规制  

Misuse and Legal Regulation of Deepfake Technology

作　　者：刘东亮 黄安 杨晓科 Liu Dongliang;Huang An;Yang Xiaoke

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学法学院

出　　处：《延边大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期80-93,142,共15页Journal of Yanbian University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部社会科学基金规划项目(23YJAZH078)

摘　　要：深度伪造技术是生成式人工智能技术的衍生物。基于其“伪造”(合成)的性质,该技术天然带有异化风险,易导致虚假信息生成和泛滥,不但侵犯公民合法权益,而且侵蚀社会信任体系,甚至冲击政治稳定和国家安全,并对司法审判中的证据审查造成困扰。我国现有法律规范为防范深度伪造技术滥用提供了基本规制方向和路径,但存在较大的完善空间。对此,应当确立规范统一的内容显性标识制度,建立反应迅速、覆盖全面的预警机制,构建责任明确、分级分类的辟谣制度,针对“深度伪造抗辩”设置抗辩人举证责任规则,以应对深度伪造技术带来的挑战。Deepfake technology is a derivative of generative artificial intelligence.Due to its synthetic nature,this technology carries inherent risks of distortion and is prone to generating and spreading false information.It not only infringes on the legitimate rights of citizens but also erodes social trust,threatens political stability,and poses challenges to evidence review in judicial trials.While existing legal norms provide basic directions and paths for regulating the misuse of deepfake technology,there is still significant room for improvement.It is necessary to establish a uniform and explicit content identification system,create a rapid-response and comprehensive early warning mechanism,develop a clear and tiered rumor refutation system,and establish rules for the burden of proof for“deepfake defense”in order to address the challenges posed by deepfake technology.

关 键 词：深度伪造技术 法律规制 虚假信息 辟谣机制 电子数据 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D99[政治法律—法学]