船用离心泵空蚀机理及寿命评估研究  

Research on Cavitation Erosion Mechanism and Life Assessment of Marine Centrifugal Pump

作　　者：杨晓丽 王勇 王春文 罗钰铜 胡洪伟 陈廷博 YANG Xiaoli;WANG Yong;WANG Chunwen;LUO Yutong;HU Hongwei;CHEN Tingbo(CSSC Southwest(Chongqing)Equipment Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401123,China;Chongqing Yuejin Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 402160,China;Chongqing Hongjiang Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 402162,China)

机构地区：[1]中船西南(重庆)装备研究院有限公司,重庆401123 [2]重庆跃进机械厂有限公司,重庆402160 [3]重庆红江机械有限责任公司,重庆402162

出　　处：《电子产品可靠性与环境试验》2024年第S1期66-73,共8页Electronic Product Reliability and Environmental Testing

基　　金：国防科工局技术基础科研项目(JSJT2021206A001)资助

摘　　要：海水泵是船舶辅机的重要组成部分,通过向冷凝器提供冷却水从而完成间接冷却柴油机的功能。海水泵以其转速高、体积相对较小、净质量小、效率高等特点,在现代船舶上有着十分广泛的应用。以某型船用海水泵为研究对象,介绍了其结构设计及工作原理;通过对大修期返厂的海水泵关键零部件开展理化检验分析,分别从宏观/微观形貌、成分检测和显微硬度等多维度开展测试与分析,明确了送样部位主要溃破失效形式为空蚀破坏;以离心泵性能试验数据为抓手,利用数据处理和分析软件Origin开展线性拟合得到了水泵性能退化模型,以出厂试验最小流量为可靠度指标,根据海水泵口环初始间隙和空蚀速率分布规律,完成了某型船用离心泵的寿命评估。该研究具有一定的实际意义,且对海水泵的使用、维护和保养具有一定的指导作用。Marine centrifugal pump is an important part of marine auxiliaries,which can indirectly cool diesel engines by providing cooling water to the condenser.Marine water centrifugal pump has been widely used in modern ships because of its high speed,relatively small volume,small net mass and high efficiency.A marine centrifugal pump is studied,and its structure design and working principle are introduced.Through physical and chemical observation and analysis of the key components of the pump returned to the factory during the overhaul period,the observation and analysis are carried out from the macro/micro morphology,composition detection and micro-hardness,etc.,and it is clear that the main failure form of the sample is cavitation erosion.Taking the performance test data of centrifugal pump as the starting point,the data processing and analysis software Origin is used to carry out linear fitting to obtain the pump performance degradation model.Taking the minimum flow rate of factory test as the reliability index,the life assessment of a marine centrifugal pump is completed according to the distribution law of the initial clearance of the pump“mouthring”and cavitation erosion rate.The research has certain practical significance,and has certain guiding effect on the use and maintenance of marine centrifugal pump.

关 键 词：船用离心泵 可靠性 寿命评估 失效机理 空蚀 

分 类 号：TB114.37[理学—概率论与数理统计] U664.5[理学—数学]