基于子结构的航空壁板铆接变形快速仿真计算模型构建方法  

Method of fast simulation,calculation and modeling of aircraft panel’s riveting deformation based on sub-structures

作　　者：罗群 康永刚[1] 王天宇[1] LUO Qun;KANG Yonggang;WANG Tianyu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072;Xi’an Aircraft Industry(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710072)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学机电学院,陕西西安710072 [2]西安飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第12期1-8,共8页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875476,92067205)

摘　　要：航空大壁板是构成飞机气动外形的重要组件,具有尺寸大、薄壁弱刚性的特点,在进行自动钻铆装配连接过程中极易产生装配变形,包括连接部位局部变形、壁板整体弯扭变形等。文中针对航空壁板铆接数量多、变形仿真计算量大等问题,提出了一种基于子结构的有限元快速仿真建模方法,先将壁板的铆接部位划分为局部子结构单独计算,再将子结构与外围壁板进行装配,最后将单独计算得到的弯矩作为载荷施加在装配体上进行计算。通过建立子结构模型,在满足精度要求的条件下极大地简化了最终仿真模型,改进了连续计算模型计算数据量庞大、效率低和易出现单元畸变的问题,使得对大型壁板大数量铆钉铆接过程仿真计算和整体铆接变形的预测成为可能。The large-size aircraft panel is an important component that constitutes the aircraft’s aerodynamic shape.It has such characteristics as large size,thin walls and weak rigidity.It is vulnerable to assembly deformation during the process of automatic drilling and riveting,including local deformation of the connection part as well as overall bending and torsion of the panel.In this article,in response to such problems as a large number of riveted aircraft panels as well as a large amount of deformationbased simulation and calculation,a finite-element method of fast simulation and modeling is proposed based on sub-structures.Firstly,the panel’s riveting part is divided into some local sub-structures for separate calculation;then sub-structures are assembled with the peripheral panel;finally,the bending moment which is separately calculated can be applied as a load to the assembly entity for calculation.By setting up a sub-structure model,the final simulation model is greatly simplified while meeting the accuracy requirement.Such problems caused by the model of continuous calculation as a huge amount of calculation data,low efficiency,and being prone to unit distortion are solved,thus making it possible to simulate and calculate a large amount of riveting for large-size panels as well as predict the overall riveting deformation.

关 键 词：飞机壁板 装配铆接 变形分析 数值建模 有限元仿真 

分 类 号：V262.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]