世界遗产保护管理中的公众参与——浅析北京中轴线申遗保护成果与挑战  

Public Participation in the Conservation and Management of World Heritage Sites:An Analysis of the Achievements and Challenges in the Preservation of Beijing Central Axis

作　　者：孙燕 厉之昀 乔钰 李紫叶 王喆 Sun Yan;Li Zhiyun;Qiao Yu;Li Ziye;Wang Zhe

机构地区：[1]中国历史研究院科技考古与文化遗产保护实验室,北京100101 [2]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084

出　　处：《文博学刊》2024年第5期123-135,共13页Journal of Archaeology and Museology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“扩大社会力量参与文化遗产保护问题研究”(项目编号:22ZDA085)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：2024年7月27日,北京中轴线经第46届世界遗产大会审议通过,正式列入《世界遗产名录》。作为统领北京老城城市发展的基准以及承载传统文化的物质载体,北京中轴线在近现代历史中经历了不断向公众开放、融入城市生活的过程,其保护管理与北京老城的整体保护、文化活力的复兴密切相关,公众参与对其保护传承至关重要。在近期世界遗产申报的过程中,遗产地从法规制度建设、参与机制创新、数字技术应用和公众传播等方面探索了多种促进公众参与的实践措施,形成了以官方为主导、多元公众群体积极参与的良性模式。借助“以人为中心”的遗产保护方法审视当前北京中轴线公众参与措施的成效,有助于深入探讨推动多元公众群体有序参与的途径,并为世界遗产公众参与策略的制订提供借鉴与参考。On July 27,2024,"Beijing Central Axis:A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital"was officially inscribed on the World Heritage List during the 46th session of the World Heritage Committee.As the backbone guiding the development of Beijing’s old city and a tangible embodiment of cultural traditions,the Beijing Central Axis has,throughout modern history,undergone a continuous opening up to the public and integrating into urban life.Its conservation and management are intricately linked to the holistic conservation of the old city and the revitalization of its cultural vibrancy,with public participation playing a crucial role in its protection and inheritance.During the recent nomination process for World Heritage status,Beijing Central Axis heritage site has explored a variety of measures to promote public participation.These measures span regulatory system development,innovative participation mechanisms,application of digital technology,and public communication,resulting in a positive model led by official entities with active involvement from diverse public groups.By adopting a"people-centered"approach to heritage protection that broadens the understanding of"community",examining the effectiveness of public participation measures for Beijing Central Axis can help us delve deeper into ways to encourage orderly involvement of diverse public groups.This provides valuable insights and references for the development of public participation strategies for world heritage sites.

关 键 词：北京中轴线 世界遗产 公众参与 保护管理 以人为中心 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]