庚子退款与近代中国文博事业  

The Remission of Boxer Indemnity and the Development of Cultural Relics and Museum Undertakings in Modern China

作　　者：彭艳艳 Peng Yanyan

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区公共文化体育服务中心,广东深圳518101

出　　处：《文博学刊》2024年第5期84-91,共8页Journal of Archaeology and Museology

摘　　要：近代中国文博事业的发展历程交织着西方外来因素与中国内部因素的碰撞与相互作用。20世纪初,得益于中外人士的推动,以美国为首的西方国家先后向中国“退还”部分庚子赔款,并大多用于中国的教育文化事业。“退还”部分庚款资助了近代中国的考古研究、博物馆建设以及文物保护工作,客观上推动了相关事业的发展。但是,庚子退款的实质是西方国家利用从中国勒索的战争赔款谋求对华文化扩张,此举符合其在华长远利益。The development of cultural relics and museum undertakings in modern China was shaped by the collision and interaction of external Western influences and internal Chinese factors.At the beginning of the 20th century,thanks to the efforts of both Chinese and foreign individuals,Western countries,led by the United States,successively"returned"portions of the boxer indemnity to China,with most of these funds allocated to cultural and educational initiatives.The partial remission of boxer indemnity was used to support archaeological research,museum construction,and cultural relics preservation in modern China,which objectively promoted the development of these fields.However,the underlying reality is that the Western countries,by extorting remission of boxer indemnity for supporting cultural relics and museum undertakings is essentially western cultural expansion towards China by extorting war reparations from China,sought to expand their cultural influence in China,a move that aligned with their long-term interests in China.

关 键 词：庚子退款 考古研究 博物馆建设 文物保护 

分 类 号：G260[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]