城市轨道交通列车高速运行时U形梁外侧噪声分布研究  

Experimental Study on Noise Distribution Outside the U-Beam During High-Speed Operation of Urban Rail Transit Trains

作　　者：蒋海军 吴波波 司义德 曾武亮 JIANG Haijun;WU Bobo;SI Yide;ZENG Wuliang(Qingdao Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China;Qingdao Branch,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市市政工程设计研究院有限责任公司,山东青岛266000 [2]中国科学院声学研究所北海研究站,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2024年第S1期95-100,共6页Environmental Monitoring in China

摘　　要：为了探究城市轨道交通列车高速运行时U形梁高架线路外侧噪声分布,在轨道外侧水平和竖直方向各布置8个测点组成测试阵列,采用时域信号截取法分析轨道列车以80 km/h和100 km/h匀速通过测试阵列时的U形梁高架线路辐射噪声。结果表明:在测试范围内,列车以100 km/h通过时的辐射噪声较以80 km/h通过时的辐射噪声明显增大,且各测点增加值基本相同。随着水平距离的增加,U形梁高架线路辐射噪声逐渐衰减,且噪声源强度对衰减规律影响较小。随着竖直高度的减小,由于U形梁腹板的遮蔽效应,U形梁高架线路辐射噪声缓慢减小,其中在U形梁腹板起到隔声作用的高度范围内,竖直方向的声级衰减量增加到约3 dB/m。U形梁腹板在距轨道中心7.5 m水平距离、距轨道面3.2 m垂直高度处开始产生隔声效果。轨道列车辐射噪声主要声能量集中在400~2 500 Hz范围,占总能量的95%左右,其中630 Hz中心频带占比最高,达到了30%左右。In order to test the noise distribution outside the U-beam overhead line during high-speed operation of urban rail transit trains,8 microphones were arranged in both horizontal and vertical directions to test the radiated noise with time-domain interception method when the train passed the test array with 80 km/h and 100 km/h.The result showed that the radiated noise was significantly higher when the train passed the test array with 100 km/h than 80 km/h within a certain range,with the increase of horizontal distance,the radiated noise of subway train gradually decreased,and the sound source intensity had little effect on the attenuation phenomenon.As the vertical height decreased,the U-beam overhead line radiation noise was slowly reduced due to the shadowing effect of the U-beam web.In the height range of sound insulation of the U-beam web,the sound pressure level attenuation in the vertical direction was increased to about 3 dB/m.In this study,the U-beam web,at the horizontal distance of 7.5 m away from the center of the track and the vertical height of 3.2 m from the orbital surface,began to have sound insulation effect.The sound energy radiated by the orbital train was concentrated at 400-2500 Hz,the acoustic energy in this frequency band accounted for 95%of the total energy,630 Hz accounted for the largest proportion,reaching 30%.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 U形梁 辐射噪声 时域信号截取法 U形梁腹板 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程]