迈向算法性竞争:竞争法益谱系的重构趋向与迭代逻辑  

Towards Algorithmic Competition:The Reconstruction Trend and Iterative Logic of the Competition Law Interest Spectrum

作　　者：杨翔宇 Xiangyu Yang

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院、劳动法与社会保障法研究中心,湖北省武汉市430073

出　　处：《产业经济评论(山东大学)》2024年第3期44-63,共20页Review of Industrial Economics

摘　　要：随着数据要素价值的不断挖掘与涌现,市场竞争的形态与秩序也发生着巨大的变化,以数据加算法为基础的平台经济正引起竞争法基本价值、规制进路以及规范构建的多方面变革。在“前算法性竞争时代”的传统自由市场中,竞争法益主要包括市场竞争秩序、经营者合法权益、消费者合法权益以及公共利益等多个范畴。相较于其他法域的法益来说,其发挥着衍生以及兜底功能,最终实现对市场秩序的整体规制效力。但在以平台经济为特点之一的数据市场竞争中,“算法性竞争格局”导致了竞争法益谱系的重构趋势。具体而言,从资源竞争到技术竞争的格局发展导致竞争法益环境基础的转变、从人际交互到人机交互的格局发展导致竞争法益主体关系的嬗变、从秩序保护到内容保护的格局发展导致竞争法益价值表达的改造。因此,面对平台经济算法性竞争的不断发展,应当基于竞争秩序的数字化与平台化的现实基础,积极回应市场利益多元化与分散化的诉求,从而实现对竞争法益谱系建构化与体系化的迭代更新。With the continuous excavation and emergence of the value of data elements,the form and order of market competition are also undergoing significant changes,and the platform economy based on data and algorithms is causing multiple changes in the fundamental value of the competition law,the regulatory approach,and the construction of norms.In the traditional free market of the“prealgorithmic competition era,”competition law interests mainly include market competition order,operators’legitimate rights and interests,consumers’legitimate rights and interests,and public interest among other categories.Compared with the legal interests of other jurisdictions,it plays a derivative and contingency function,ultimately realizing the overall regulatory effect on the market order.However,in the data market competition with platform economy as one of the characteristics,the“algorithmic competitive pattern”has led to a trend of reconstructing the spectrum of competition law interests.Specifically,the development of the pattern from resource competition to technological competition has led to the transformation in the environmental basis of competition law interests,the development of the pattern from interpersonal interaction to human-computer interaction has led to the evolution in the subject relationship of competition law interests,and the development of the pattern from the protection of order to the protection of content has led to the modification of the expression of the value of competition law interests.Therefore,in the face of the continuous development of algorithmic competition in the platform economy,we should actively respond to the demand of diversi-fication and decentralization of market interests based on a realistic basis of digitalization and platformization of competition order,to realize the iterative updating of the construction and systematization of the genealogy of competition law interest spectrum.

关 键 词：竞争业态 平台经济 竞争法益 算法 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]