晚唐五代汉语词汇的南北差异——以《祖堂集》《景德传灯录》和敦煌变文、歌辞为例  

The Differences of Vocabularys between North and South in the Late Tang and Five Dynasties:Take Zu Tang Ji(《祖堂集》),Jing De Chuan Deng Lu(《景德传灯录》)and Dunhuang Bianwen and GeCi as Examples

作　　者：陈姗姗[1] Chen Shanshan

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《民俗典籍文字研究》2023年第1期155-171,254,共18页

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“基于深加工语料库实践的汉语史分词规范研究”(批准号:22BYY108);江苏省社会科学基金项目“唐五代汉语语法的南北差异研究”(批准号:23YYC001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文以《祖堂集》和敦煌变文为主要比较对象,辅以《景德传灯录》和敦煌歌辞,并结合唐宋及之前的其他文献和现代方言,筛选出一批具有方言色彩的词汇。具体包括各自独用的方言词,以及同义异词和同词异义的比较。由此为反映晚唐五代南北方言的词汇差异提供一些样本。该时期南方方言词的语义发展缓慢、演变类型相对单一,且双音词中的构词语素具有存古特征;北方方言词的语义发展较为活跃、演变类型相对丰富,且双音词中的构词语素具有趋新特征。Taking Zu Tang Ji and Dunhuang Bianwen as the main comparison objects,supplemented by Jing De Chuan Deng Lu and Dunhuang GeCi,and combining other corpus and modern dialects,a group of dialects are selected.Specifically,it includes the dialect words that are used separately,and the comparison of synonyms and homonyms.This provides some samples for reflecting the vocabulary differences between the Southern and Northern dialects in the Late Tang and Five Dynasties.The investigation found that the semantic development of southern dialect words in this period was slow,the evolution type was relatively simple,and the morphemes in disyllabic words had the characteristics of archaic.The semantic development of northern dialect words is relatively active,the evolution types are relatively rich,and the morphemes in disyllabic words had the characteristics of innovation.

关 键 词：晚唐五代 方言词 南北差异 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语] K242.4[历史地理—历史学] K243.1[历史地理—中国史]