非法“使用”公民个人信息行为入罪论  

The Criminalization Research on Illegal“Use”of Citizens'Personal Information

作　　者：陈国梁 Chen Guoliang

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学

出　　处：《网络信息法学研究》2023年第1期156-176,289-290,共23页Journal of Cyber and Information Law

基　　金：中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助(202250704)

摘　　要：非法使用公民个人信息行为的犯罪化具备理论的必要性与实践的可行性。“使用型个人信息罪”与“流转型个人信息罪”存在质上的法益差异。使用型个人信息罪侵犯信息的使用价值,其背后映射的法益是信息的内容支配权。流转型个人信息罪侵犯信息的交换价值,其背后映射的法益是信息的流转自决权。上述两项权利属于原生法益与次生法益的关系。增强信息主体对信息内容的支配性,减少个人信息被滥用从而维护信息固有的使用价值是个人信息犯罪最底层的法益逻辑。我国个人信息犯罪的立法格局应当由传统的外围式立法过渡至内核与外围的二分式立法,具体操作路径为:将《刑法》第253条之一的罪名变更为“非法提供、非法获取公民个人信息罪”,同时增加第253条之二:非法使用公民个人信息罪。The criminalization of the illegal use of citizens'personal information has the theoretical necessity and practical feasibility.There are qualitative differences in legal benefits between“Use-type Personal Information Crime”and“Flow Transformation Personal Information Crime”.The Usetype Personal Information Crime violates the use value of information,and the legal interest behind it turns out to be the right to control the content of the information.The Flow Transformation Personal Information Crime violates the exchange value of information,and the legal interest behind it goes to the selfdetermination rights of information circulation.The two rights belong to the relationship between the original legal interests and the secondary legal interests.It is the underlying legal logic of personal information crime to enhance the dominance of information content and reduce the abuse of personal information to maintain the inherent use value of the information.The legislative pattern of personal information crimes in my country should transition from the traditional peripheral legislation to the dichotomous legislation of the core and the periphery,and the specific operation path goes to:the crime of article 253-1 should be changed to“Illegal Provision,Illegal Access to Citizens'Personal Information Crime”,and simultaneously increase the article 253-2:Illegal Use of Citizens'Personal Information Crime.

关 键 词：个人信息 非法使用 信息内容支配权 信息流转自决权 独立成罪 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D924.3[政治法律—法学]