随钻下行通讯井筒压力波动控压平衡方法  

A Managed Pressure Balance Method for Wellbore Pressure Fluctuation during Downlink Communication while Drilling

作　　者：徐朝阳 雷成 金波 黄可文 李义刚 陈佳良 XU Chaoyang;LEI Cheng;JIN Bo;HUANG Kewen;LI Yigang;CHEN Jialiang(Tubing and Well Control Technology Service Company,CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Tianjin,300280,China;Marketing and Production Coordination Department,CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Tianjin,300457,China;Xinjiang branch,PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co.Ltd.,Korla,Xinjiang,841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司管具与井控技术服务分公司,天津300280 [2]中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司市场与生产协调部,天津300457 [3]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司新疆分公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《石油钻探技术》2025年第1期60-66,共7页Petroleum Drilling Techniques

基　　金：中国石油集团公司重大研发项目“70MPa智能控压钻井成套装备”(编号:2024ZG35);中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司重大研发项目“海洋闭环压力控制钻井技术研究”(编号:2024ZD04F)联合资助。

摘　　要：针对旋转导向钻井中负脉冲下行通讯引发的井筒压力波动对井控安全不利的问题,根据负脉冲下行通讯系统的工作原理和特征,建立了以立压为参照的控压平衡方法和井筒瞬态流动模型,分析了负脉冲下行通讯过程中井筒中钻井液的流动规律,并验证了以立压为参照控压平衡方法的效果。数值模拟发现:负脉冲下行通讯过程中,信号从立管向井口传播,流量波动显著畸变,压力波动显著减小,且都具有时滞效应;立压与井底压力的变化趋势基本一致,证明了立压可以作为调节回压的参照数据;控压下行通讯过程中,井底压力负波动降低了80.9%,且井底流量波动形态与恒定井口回压下行通讯的井底流量波动形态基本一致。研究结果表明,以立压为参照的控压平衡方法可以有效抑制负脉冲下行通讯过程中井底压力的波动,有利于保持井底压力稳定,且不会对负脉冲下行通讯流量信号造成干扰,为现场作业提供了理论指导。The wellbore pressure fluctuation caused by negative pulse downlink communication in rotary steerable drilling is unfavorable to well control safety.Therefore,based on the operating principle and characteristics of the negative pulse downlink communication system,a managed pressure balance method with standpipe pressure as the reference and a wellbore transient flow model were established.The flow law of drilling fluid in the wellbore during negative pulse downlink communication was analyzed,and the effect of the managed pressure balance method based on standpipe pressure was verified.The numerical simulation results show that the signal propagates from the standpipe to the wellhead during the negative pulse downlink communication,and the flow rate fluctuation is significantly distorted;the pressure fluctuation is significantly reduced,both of which have time delay effects.The variation pattern of standpipe pressure and bottom hole pressure is basically consistent,proving that standpipe pressure can be used as reference data for regulating back pressure.The negative fluctuation of bottom hole pressure is decreased by 80.9% during downlink communication under managed pressure,and the fluctuation pattern of the bottom hole flow rate is basically consistent with that under constant wellhead back pressure.The research results indicate that this managed pressure balance method with standpipe pressure as the reference can effectively suppress the fluctuation of bottom hole pressure during negative pulse downlink communication and maintain stable bottom hole pressure,and it does not interfere with the flow signal of the negative pulse downlink communication,providing theoretical guidance for on-site operations.

关 键 词：控压钻井 随钻下行通讯 负脉冲 数值模拟 压力波动 

分 类 号：TE928[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]