套管和水泥环尺寸对CBL/VDL测井套管波的影响研究  

Influence of Casing and Cement Sheath Dimensions on Casing Waves in CBL/VDL Logging

作　　者：朱雷[1,2] 潘金林 陈雪莲 马锐[1] 田隆梅[1] 周浩栋[4] ZHU Lei;PAN Jinlin;CHEN Xuelian;MA Rui;TIAN Longmei;ZHOU Haodong(Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,Korla,Xinjiang,841000,China;CNPC R&D Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development,Korla,Xinjiang,841000,China;State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong,266580,China;Oil&Gas Field Productivity Construction Department,PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,Korla,Xinjiang,841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]中国石油集团超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发技术研发中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [3]深层油气全国重点实验室(中国石油大学(华东)),山东青岛266580 [4]中国石油塔里木油田油气田产能建设事业部,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《石油钻探技术》2025年第1期136-143,共8页Petroleum Drilling Techniques

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“滑移界面表征的固井声波测井理论与实验研究”(编号:42374156);中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大专项“塔里木盆地大油气田增储上产关键技术研究与应用”(编号:2018E-18)联合资助。

摘　　要：深井超深井厚套管、薄水泥环等复杂井况下利用CBL/VDL测井评价固井质量时,是利用测量的套管波幅度或衰减评价水泥环的胶结状况。但截至目前,对套管中模式波传播机理的研究较少,精细固井质量评价缺乏理论支撑。为此,建立了柱状多层介质的套管井模型,计算得到了套管模式波的相速度、衰减及灵敏度曲线,研究了非胶结因素、套管直径及水泥环尺寸等对套管波衰减的影响。计算结果表明:在CBL/VDL测井频段内存在3~4阶轴向振动模态的套管波,套管外径越大,振动模态越多;套后胶结水泥时,套管波幅度随着套管壁厚增厚明显增大,但自由套管的套管波幅度基本不变;灵敏度曲线表明,套管波衰减对水泥横波速度的灵敏度明显高于纵波,说明单极子声源激发的套管波主要通过剪切耦合向水泥环泄漏能量;另外,地层中纵横波声场快照表明,套管波沿着套管传播时还会向地层中泄漏能量,使水泥环厚度和岩性等的变化也影响套管波幅度。研究结果为复杂井况下固井质量的精细评价及套管波幅度校正图版的绘制奠定了理论基础。When using CBL/VDL logging to evaluate cementing quality under complex well conditions such as thick casing and thin cement sheath in deep and ultra-deep wells,the measured amplitude or attenuation of the casing wave is used to determine the cementation condition of cement sheath.However,the research on the propagation mechanism of the casing mode waves is insufficient,and there is a lack of theoretical support for precise cementing quality evaluation.Therefore,a cased well model with cylindrical multi-layer medium was established,and the phase velocity,attenuation,and sensitivity curves of the casing mode waves were calculated.The effects of non-cementing factors,casing diameter,and cement sheath size on casing wave attenuation were studied.The results show that there are 3~4 order axial vibration modes of the casing wave within the range of CBL/VDL logging frequencies.The larger outer diameter of the casing,the more vibration modes there will be.When the casing is cemented,the amplitude of the casing wave increases obviously as the casing thickness increases,while the amplitude of casing waves basically remains unchanged for free-standing casing.Sensitivity curves show that the attenuation of the casing wave is more sensitive to cement shear wave velocity than to the compressional wave velocity,suggesting that casing wave induced by monopole source leaks energy to cement sheath mainly through shear coupling effect.In addition,the snapshots of shear wave and compressional wave fields show that the casing wave also leaks energy to the formation when propagating along the casing,so the change in cement sheath thickness and lithology will also affect the amplitude of the casing wave.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the precise evaluation of cementing quality nd the creation of calibration chart for the casing wave amplitude in complex well conditions.

关 键 词：套管波 水泥环厚度 频散 衰减 灵敏度 

分 类 号：P631.81[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]