电动力绳系空间碎片清理方案设计与分析  

Design and analysis of a space debris cleaning scheme based on an electrodynamic tether

作　　者：韦正涛 罗操群 文浩[1,2] 金栋平 陈提[1,2] WEI Zhengtao;LUO Caoqun;WEN Hao;JIN Dongping;CHEN Ti(State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空学院,南京210016 [2]航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《空间电子技术》2025年第1期40-47,共8页Space Electronic Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:12472015,12232011);中国博士后科学基金(编号:2024M764231);江苏省基础研究计划(编号:BK20241390);江苏省卓越博士后计划(编号:2024ZB114)。

摘　　要：日益增长的空间碎片数量严重威胁人类航天活动安全,主动碎片清理势在必行。本文面向批量空间碎片清理任务场景,考虑低成本任务需求,基于空间电动力绳系技术设计提出一套空间碎片清理方案。该方案由主星平台、碎片清理载荷一体化设计的服务卫星实施操作,具体包含绳系收集系统释放回收和电动力绳系离轨系统离轨两个典型阶段。首先,针对由主星平台、碎片收集器和电动力系绳组成的绳系卫星系统,建立系统动力学模型。随后,基于开环优化、闭环跟踪控制思路提出整体任务控制逻辑,最后,针对典型阶段的数值仿真结果验证了所提出整体方案的有效性和可行性。The increasing accumulation of space debris poses a significant threat to the safety of human space activities,making active debris removal an urgent necessity.To address the challenge of batch debris cleaning,this paper proposes a cost-effective scheme leveraging space electrodynamic tether(EDT)technology.The proposed system is realized through a service satellite that integrates the main satellite platform with the debris removal payload.The mission is divided into two key stages:the deployment and retrieval of the tether-based collection system,and the deorbiting of debris using the EDT mechanism.Firstly,a system dynamics model is developed for the tethered satellite system,which comprises the main satellite platform,a debris collector,and an electrodynamic tether.Next,the overall mission control logic is designed,integrating open-loop optimization with closed-loop tracking control strategies.Finally,numerical simulations of a representative mission stage validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed solution.

关 键 词：空间碎片 电动力绳系技术 收集与离轨 

分 类 号：O313[理学—一般力学与力学基础] V443[理学—力学]